Introducing 

Prezi AI.

Your new presentation assistant.

Refine, enhance, and tailor your content, source relevant images, and edit visuals quicker than ever before.

Loading content…
Loading…
Transcript

Works Cited

  • Austen, Jane. "Symbolism of the White Feather." Jane Austen's World. N.p., n.d. Web. 04 Mar. 2014. <http://janeaustensworld.wordpress.com/2012/01/03/downton-abbey-2-the-symbolism-of-the-white-feathers/>.
  • "Conscientious Objection." Conscientious Objection. N.p., n.d. Web. 04 Mar. 2014. <http://www.ppu.org.uk/coproject/coww1a.html>.
  • "From ResPoss | ‘Cowards or War Heroes?’ :Resolution:Possible." ResolutionPossible RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 04 Mar. 2014. <http://www.resolutionpossible.co.uk/challenging-perceptions-cowards-or-war-heroes#.UxYHf5GDkts>.
  • Hancock, Judith. "Conscientious Objectors During WW1." HubPages. HubPages, 04 Mar. 2013. Web. 01 Mar. 2014. <http://hubpages.com/hub/Conscientious-Objectors-During-World-War-1>.
  • Lloyd, Virginia. Richmond Castle: Conscientious Objectors and the Richmond Sixteen. English Heritage. English Heritage, 2004. Web. 01 Mar. 2014. <http://www.fredsakademiet.dk/tid/1900/1916/maj/richmond_sixteen.pdf>.
  • "Picture Postcards from the Great War." WW1 Picture Postcards. Daily Mail War Postcard, n.d. Web. 03 Mar. 2014. <http://www.worldwar1postcards.com/>.

Conclusion

  • While tribunal paper were destroyed at the end of WW1, surviving evidence of the conscientious objectors provides a new insight on life during the war
  • Fighters on and off the battlefield

Pro-Conscientious Objectors and The Effects of Conscientious Objectors' Stories

  • No-Conscription Fellowship
  • Arthur Rowntree
  • Increase in Public Sympathy
  • Prison Reforms
  • Set the path for Conscientious Objectors in WW2

The Non-Combatant Corps

Newspaper Articles on the Treatment of Conscientious Objectors

  • Army set up NCC to coincide with the Military Service Act
  • By June 1916, there were eight NCC companies for the 3,400 men who accepted Non-Combatant Service
  • Road building, cutting timber, quarrying, sanitation, and moving supplies

Types of Conscientious Objectors

  • Absolutists: Men who were unwilling to perform any form of alternative non-combatant service that might aid the war-effort
  • Alternativists: Men who would perform alternative work as long as it was outside of military control
  • Non-Combatant: Men who would join the army but on the basis that they were not trained to bear arms

Conscientious Objectors in Britain During WW1

Richmond Sixteen

  • Richmond Castle in North Yorkshire served as a base for NCC
  • Sixteen men, who were absolutists, refused to work and were put in the castle's jail->France
  • Punished and imprisoned
  • Ultimately, suffering metal-illness
  • Difficulty adjusting into society upon release

Conscientious Objectors, Court-Martial and Death Sentences

  • Richmond Sixteen
  • Army Response: Imprisonment and Punishments
  • White Feathers and Post cards

Who were Conscientious Objectors?

  • At the outbreak of war in 1914, Britain had an army of 450,000 regular soldiers and 268,000 part-time soldiers
  • As war progressed, recruiting figures declined while casualties on the battlefield rose.
  • In March 1916, British government introduced conscription laws: Military Service Act
  • Military Service Act had a special feature of a "conscientious clause"
  • Conscientious objectors were individuals who held strong pacifist beliefs on the grounds of occupation, hardship, and religious beliefs (16,000 men out of 748,587 claims)
Learn more about creating dynamic, engaging presentations with Prezi