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The Angolan Civil War 1974-1975
13
Transcript
The Angolan Civil War 1974-1975
The Beginning of a War
Groups Fighting for Power
Proxy War and The Superpowers
- The Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola (MPLA)
- The National Front for the Liberation of Angola (FNLA)
- The National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA)
The new rulers in Lisbon wanted to divest Portugal of its colonial empire. The impending independence Angola, led to the Angolan Civil War.
In January 1975 the leaders of MPLA, FNLA, and UNITA and signed the Alvor Agreement that granted Angolan independence and provided for a three-way power sharing government.
- People’s Republic of Angola was a self-declared socialist state by Agostinho Neto in 1975 right after gaining its independence from Portugal
- MPLA and UNITA both competed for power, The UNITA was unhappy with the government and wanted to overthrow the government supervised by MPLA
- Series of Guerrilla fighting and armed attacks between MPLA and FNLA/UNITA
- The Soviet Union provided the MPLA with military equipment and training
- China sent military instructors to train the FNLA
- The MPLA had long-established relations with Fidel Castro’s Cuba
- USSR stepped up its efforts to get a big piece of the action in Angola and all of Africa: take advantage of the temporary defeat of US imperialism
Geography
- Extends over 1,000 miles in Southwest Africa
- Three times the size of California
- Nearly all desert with forests in northeast
Public Opinion
The Result
The United States did not have The funds to support all out war. Many decided that this is not an important issue. This caused the congress to stop funding the operation. The Soviets won the proxy war, and it affected the United States greatly.
- The Angolan Civil War, which killed half a million people, has been presented by the US media as the unfortunate result of the Cold War rivalry between two superpowers, or as an expression of African problems.
- Washington Post said that the US government and the CIA were the innocent parties
- New York Times the Angolan war was “a three way tribally based struggle”
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