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Helmets

(Evans "Anglo-Saxon Spear")

(Williamson "Arms and Armour-Part 5-Swords)

  • For the wealthy/high status
  • Domed
  • Early helmets featured boar crest
  • Later came cheek, neck, and sometimes face guards
  • Protected against edged weapons

(Levick "Anglo-Saxon Weapons and Armour")

(Levick "Reconstructable Anglo-Saxon Helmets)

("Shield from Sutton Hoo")

Shields

The Boar Snout/Swine Array

  • Main offensive tactic
  • Triangle/wedge shaped
  • Used to break through shieldwall
  • Strongest in front
  • Commander in middle(sometimes front)
  • Standard bearer near commander
  • Main defense
  • Center grip
  • Round wooden board and iron conical boss
  • Covered with leather
  • Rim covered in leather and sometimes bronze
  • Usually 24-28" in diameter
  • Grew as time went on

(Barfuss "Anglo-Saxon Battle Tactics")

(Levick "Anglo-Saxon Weapons and Armour")

Swords

Shieldwall

  • Earliest were double edged and broad with no pommel
  • 6th century: Handle of wood, horn, bone, or sandwiched metal
  • Very decorated
  • 7th and 8th century: organic parts replaced
  • 9th century: iron guards and pommel with silver inlay
  • Blades made from pattern welding
  • Very precious
  • Main defensive strategy
  • Army made lines several warriors deep
  • Shields overlap and lock
  • Loosen to allow for combat
  • Strong enough to stop enemy from penetrating
  • Movement limited
  • Spears allowed for penetration into shieldwall

(Barfuss "Anglo-Saxon Battle Tactics")

(Levick "Anglo-Saxon Weapons and Armour")

Leadership

Spears

  • Positions gained through battle
  • Commander expected to be in front
  • Death of commander could cause retreat
  • Commanders targeted by other leaders
  • Had huscarls who were expected to stay with commander
  • Huscarls better equipped than rest of army
  • Primary weapon
  • 21 different styles
  • Most common type: Leaf shaped head with socket-type attachment
  • Shaft made of ash
  • Around 6-8 feet in length

(Levick "Anglo-Saxon Weapons and Armour")

(Barfuss "Anglo-Saxon Battle Tactics")

Anglo-Saxon Weapons and Warfare

Clemente Guzman

Works Cited

A Saxon shield wall in practice. 2002. Regia Anglorum, Bristol. Regia Anglorum. Photograph. 15 Sept. 2014.

Barfuss, Darryl. “Anglo-Saxon Battle Tactics.” Anglo-Saxon Warfare Group. N.p. n.d. Web. 11 Sept. 2014.

Evans, Vince. Anglo-Saxon Spear. 2002. Vince Evans, Massachusetts. Swordforum. Photograph 15 Sept. 2014.

Levick, Ben. “Anglo-Saxon Weapons and Armour.” Angelcynn: Angelcynn Re-Enactment Society. N.p. n.d. Web. 11 Sept. 2014.

Levick, Ben. Reconstructable Anglo-Saxon Helmets. N.d. Angelcynn: Angelcynn Re-Enactment Society, England. Angelcynn: Angelcynn Re-Enactment Society. Photograph. 15 Sept. 2014.

Shield from Sutton Hoo. N.d. The British Museum, London. British Museum. Photograph. 15 Sept. 2014.

Swine Array. N.d. Anglo-Saxon Warfare Group, Bristol. Research.uvu. Photograph. 15 Sept. 2014.

Williamson, Roland. Arms and Armour-Part 5-Swords. 2002. Regia Anglorum, Bristol. Regia Anglorum. Photograph. 15 Sept. 2014.

Individual Combat

Shieldwall Combat

("A Saxon shield wall in practice")

  • Wounding blows
  • Remains with leg injuries
  • Aimed for unprotected targets
  • Arms
  • Legs
  • Neck
  • Very limited movement
  • Over the head strike
  • Meant to hit head, neck, or shoulders
  • Helmets protected against overhand strike
  • Spears used to get into shieldwall
  • Could breach up to 3 lines deep

(Barfuss "Anglo-Saxon Battle Tactics")

("Swine Array")

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