Athens vs Sparta Presentation Project

Education

Athens:

Population / Location

Athens:

• Athenian boys were educated on how to be good citizens
• Formal education was only for the sons of wealthy families
• They studied reading, grammar, poetry, history, math and music
• At the age of 18, they were sent off to Military school to defend Athens
• Girls were taught to put service above family
• Girls couldn't attend school- they learned how to care for their house and their household

• Population- 150,000-200,000
• Location- A peninsula that stretches southeastward into the Aegean Sea. The city is surrounded by the Plain of Attica.

Sparta:

Sparta:

Government

Athens:

• Population-140,000
• Location- Southern Greece near the Evrotas River and in the center of Peloponnese.

• Followed a democracy
• All political matters were in the hands of male citizens
• Women had no say

• Spartans didn't value what the Athenians valued when it came to education
• Boys at the age of seven were sent to military training
• The main goal of Spartan education was to produce good soldiers
• Military training for young boys was very brutal and challenging
• Girls could undergo the full "school experience"- with one of their classes being physical education
• Boys were taught survival skills and often stole to prove that they were resourceful

Lifestyle/Values

Sparta:

Sparta:

• All forms of individual expression were discouraged
• Contact with outsiders was never allowed
• Women had more rights
• Men could come back home at age 30 from the military
• Known as an armed city-state
• Lived in fear of their Helots revolting against them
• They valued duty, strength, and discipline over freedom, individuality and beauty.

• Followed a Oligarchy
• Those who held the highest title-wealth wise made all political decisions
• At one point was ruled by two kings and 28 council members

Athens:

• Intellectual pursuits
• Boys went to school to be good citizens
• Women were strictly controlled

Role of Women

Athens:

• Girls did not attend school
• They were taught by their mothers how to become good wives.
• A few learned to read and write.
• Woman had no say in political matters
• Were expected to STAY inside.
• Couldn't leave the house without a male figure.
• Expected to produce male children.

Sparta:

• Could own property
• Had an influence on the government
• Girls were taught at a young age to put service above their family.
• "Come back with your shield or on it."- was what was told to the sons before they went to war.
• Wore more revealing clothing

Athens Social Structure

• 1st- Freedman: All male citizens, Government officials, wealthy,etc
• 2nd- Metics: Outsiders, non-citizens
• 3rd-Slaves: Considered the lowest class but had more rights than women
• 4th- Women: Had no rights

Cultural Achievements

Athens:

• The introduction of direct democracy
• The Parthenon
• Theatrical Productions
• First history book- written by Herodotus
• Philosophic thinking
• Art styles
• Beautiful architecture

Sparta:

• Military techniques
• Advanced intellectual culture and verbal skills
• Only Greek city-state that allowed women rights of freedom

Allies/Military

Athens:

Sparta:

• Largely similar to other armies of the region
• From ages 18-20, boys were sent to military school to defend Athens
• Had a powerful navy

• Had the most powerful army in Greece from 600-371b.c
• Boys left home for military training at the tender age of 7
• Up until age 18, they went through years of hardcore training
• They slept without blankets on hard benches
• Had a limited source of good food- which encouraged them to steal
• Those that stole and got away with it were known as resourceful
• Boys were told from their mothers: "Come back with your shield or on it."

Food

Athens:

• Ate more vegetables and fruits than meats
• Green peas
• Lentils
• Beans
• Olive oil-used to add flavor to various dishes
• Diet was based on bread
• Wealthy ate big dishes and had grand meals

Sparta:

Sparta Social Structure

• Theory on food was that they ate to be healthy and strong
• Diet was basic- treated as just that and not as an indulgence
• Food sources were limited
• Honey
• Meat: pigs, goat and sheep
• Cheese
• Milk
• Figs & wine
• Broths & soups
• Those in military school were fed a nasty porridge

• 1st class: Women, wealthy, well paid working class, Government officials, military commanders, those who come back on their shield or with it.
• 2nd class: Freed slaves, those adopted into the culture, loss citizens or traders
• 3rd class: Slaves (Helots), outsiders.

Citations

• http://cactusporpoise.weebly.com/ancient-sparta.html
• https://www.google.com/search?q=map+of+athens+EMPIRE&rlz=1C1NDCM_enUS709US709&espv=2&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjg5532mY7TAhUp1oMKHcqSBhAQ_AUIBigB&biw=1242&bih=557#tbm=isch&q=map+of+sparta+ancient+greece&*
• https://my.hrw.com
• https://www.google.com/search?q=spartan+social+structure&safe=strict&rlz=1C1NDCM_enUS709US709&espv=2&tbm=isch&imgil=1qLWfWXHCpRujM%253A%253BYiPZdouSe7tKfM%253Bhttp%25253A%25252F%25252Fancienthistorynotes.weebly.com%25252F2-social-structure-and-political-organisation.html&source=iu&pf=m&fir=1qLWfWXHCpRujM%253A%252CYiPZdouSe7tKfM%252C_&usg=__4WyrpP73EP3CGhn4nGA_cfhHc3E%3D&biw=1242&bih=602&ved=0ahUKEwi0otjvmpDTAhWnslQKHX4dCA0QyjcIJQ&ei=UGfmWLS6Jqfl0gL-uqBo
• https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/what-culture-achievements-athens-sparta-206679
• https://www.enotes.com/homework-help/what-spartas-cultural-achievements-legacy-783036
• http://cactusporpoise.weebly.com/ancient-sparta.html
• https://www.google.com/search?q=athens+wealthy+dinners&safe=strict&rlz=1C1NDCM_enUS709US709&espv=2&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi9yNW83YjTAhWp5oMKHRpvDe0Q_AUIBigB&biw=1242&bih=602#safe=strict&tbm=isch&q=ancient+athens++dinners&*&imgrc=9j4c9t30gUS3eM:
• http://www.gourmed.com/mesogeios/stories/austere-diet-ancient-athens
• https://www.reference.com/history/foods-were-popular-ancient-athens-6a37b097add0e2d1
• https://www.google.com/search?q=athens+women&safe=strict&rlz=1C1NDCM_enUS709US709&espv=2&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjqjO3XkYHTAhWni1QKHR1lBk8Q_AUIBigB&biw=1242&bih=602

Athens vs Sparta

By: Amber Ross, Jordi Calderon & Sarai Reyes