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Transcript

Basic Facts

Spiny-finned, freshwater food fish

  • North temperate fish
  • Usually golden yellow
  • Short lifespan (8-12 years)
  • Adult yellow perch usually grow 10 to 25.5 cm in length
  • Females are larger than males
  • Diet: invertebrates, fish eggs, crayfish, mysid shrimp, and young fish
  • You can estimate the age of a perch by the number of lines on a scale.

Types

The Perch

Yellow Perch

White Perch

Food Digestion

Major Organs/Structures:

  • Pylorus - conjunction of the stomach and small intestine
  • Regulates the passage of partly digested food (stomach intestine.)
  • Pyloric ceca - 3 short sacs (just beneath the pylorus)
  • Where the passage of food is delayed (enables more chemical breakdown to take place)
  • Further digestion - lower part of the small intestine
  • Where the nutritional part of the food is absorbed (through the intestinal wall and into the blood stream) and carried to all parts of the body
  • Liver - produces bile to assist in the digestion of some fats
  • Bile is dumped into the gallbladder and squirted into the small intestine to allow the bile to mix with the passing food

Food Capture

Major Organs/Structures:

Geographic Location

Gas Exchange

Homeostasis/Thermoregulation

  • Yellow perch has small backward slanting teeth lining the jaws (1st way)
  • Gill rakers that strain out small pelagic food sources from the water (2nd way)
  • Mouth is subterminal which makes it easy for them to feed at the bottom

Major Organs/Structure:

  • North temperate fish
  • Extend from west central Canada and the Hudson Bay area east to New Brunswick, down to South Carolina and west to Kansas
  • Usually found in the waters of Ontario and the northern part of U.S.

Behavior:

  • Gill rakers (finger-like projections on the bony gill arch that points forward into the mouth) act as filtering devices that prevent debris from passing over the delicate filaments.
  • Gill is composed of gill filaments (thin-wall projections containing blood vessels, which carry deoxygenated blood close to their surfaces).
  • The exchange of gases from the water to the gills and the gills to the water takes place by simple diffusion. Carbon dioxide enters the water from the gill filament and oxygen enters the gill filament from the water.
  • Operculum forms a protective covering for the underlying delicate gills.

The perch is an ectotherm which means that its body temperature changes with their environment.

Behavior:

*Inhabit quiet ponds, lakes, streams, and river (water of moderate temperature) and avoid cold, deep water and warm surface waters during the summer. Young perch usually stay in shallower water more often than larger ones.

  • Swallow their food whole
  • Travel in schools (50-200 fish arranged by size, gender, and age) because they are relatively poor swimmers (do not accelerate quickly)
  • Easier prey capture for older fish schools

*Moves to different waters based on temperature

Circulation

  • Most can only survive a short time out of water because they cannot use the oxygen in the air to breathe (must be obtained by diffusion from the water).

Movement

Closed Circulatory System

Major Organs:

Major Organs/Structures:

Taxonomy

Eukarya

Domain

Kingdom

Animalia

Phylum

Chordata

Class

Osteichthyes

  • Caudal fin (tail fin) helps it to move side to side (motor)
  • Dorsal and anal fins keep perch upright
  • Pectoral and pelvic fins help balance (to turn or stop and to steer the direction)
  • Air bladder helps raise/lower itself (contracts and expands to alter the volume of air it contains
  • If air bladder expands, perch rises (less dense)
  • If air is compressed, perch’s density is increased and it sinks

Perciformes

Has membrane bound organelles and a nucleus

The perch is multicellular and moves at some stage in its lifetime

Has a spine and an internal skeleton (endoskeleton)

Bony fish that also breathes out of its gills

"Perch-like". The Yellow Perch fits right in

Literally means perch; also lidless eyes and a pair of nostrils

Easily identified by the golden yellow coloration on their sides and dark bands running vertical on the sides (6-8); also means Yellow Perch in English.

Order

Genus

Species

Perca

  • Heart
  • Has 2 chambers: one auricle and ventricle.
  • Deoxygenated blood from all over the body collects in the burgundy colored auricle and passes to the ventricle through a valve.
  • The ventricle contracts and forces the blood to the gill region to be oxygenated. Then the blood collects in the auricle once again (it has become deoxygenated) and the cycle repeats.

Reproduction

Perca flavescens

Behavior:

  • Spawn in spring (April-early May) when the water temperature reaches 45 - 52°F
  • The female at that time laying strings of eggs in the shallows among water plants, branches, and the like.
  • Female yellow perch mature at ages two to four, males usually mature one year earlier.

Major Structure:

  • As temperature increases all move to cooler, deeper water
  • Yellow perch move from deep water where they live during the winter to shallow water for spawning areas in the spring.
  • Gas gland of swim bladder
  • Oval body of swim bladder
  • Spleen

Quiz

The Immune System

Major Organs/Structures:

  • The slime that covers the fish’s body helps keeps out fungus diseases.

Dissection

References

***Bisphenol-A (BPA), an environmental contaminant used in the manufacturing of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins, has been found to harm the immune system of the yellow perch.

https://docs.google.com/a/student.harrisburg.k12.or.us/forms/d/13cKzZg97cdttl-34eMH7GTJEvgnXKQL33ULz5GRj84U/viewform?c=0&w=1

  • http://animaldiversity.org/accounts/Perca_flavescens/
  • http://www.oocities.org/zbookclub/zreport/yellowperch.html
  • http://www.carolina.com/pdf/activities-articles/anatomy-perch.pdf

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