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Pathogens is a disease-causing micro organisms, such as bacteria, viruses, protozoa, helminths and is one of the largest health risk. in most places, it is passed on through faces (Human or animal). Pathogens kills 2.2 million people globally each year. Pathogens causes infections or diarrhoea. They often attach them self to water particles. Removing sediment or turbidity from water will decrees the amount of pathogens.
Hazardous Contaminants:
-inorganic chemical compounds ex. arsenic, fluoride, mercury, lead and cyanide
-organic chemical compounds like pesticides and fertilizers.
Other Facts:
- Dissolve salts of calcium, magnesium, sodium and iron can be hazardous in low concentration and can often be a nuisance.
- Chlorides make water have a salty taste
-High concentration of sodium chloride can
cause high blood pressure
-in some conditions alga growth in water
will have objectionable tastes and odours.
IN many places cloth straining is used. It is excellent for places where clean water is not available. For many centuries and cultures cloth straining has been used. Its a method that eliminates solid impurities and any insect larva that may be in the water. The cloth used should be a type of cotton. The cloth has to be thick or it won't work. If you make the cloth too thick it will take a very long time to work. In South Asia they use a sari that also works folded 4-8 times. This treatment is a summary treatment which means that you have to use another treatment after using this one. If you use this one only you will still get sick from the water.
a Introduction
1.1 billion people are with out improved water.
There are different technology's to treat contaminated water.
Introduction Video
There are many charities that work to make sure people in developing countries have clean water.
People die everyday from unclean water. People die because they don't have clean water to drink. Their water is dirty and brown. If they were able to clean their water it would be safer to drink. Therefore I believe that the positive effects outweigh the negative affects. That is because the negative effects are very surface and don't mean much. The positive affects are better because they are deeper. For example the the positive affect of it is low cost and easy technique. For the negative affect is you have to clean a cloth. cleaning a cloth is not as bad as wasting money for a way to clean water. that is why the positive affects are better than the negative affects.
the negative effects are
* doesn't remove all the bacteria
*You have to clean the cloth over well before use
* you have to clean the cloth multiple times after use
*have to treat again with a different method
-->other treatment may cost a lot
for the environment
* the other methods used will pollute to make and use
The positive effects are that
* it is low cost to get and a very easy technique. Near zero dollars
* it takes a little amount of time
* don't need a big machine
*essential for pre-treatment
For the environment
*it does not cost to make
*it does not pollute to make
You should only use cloth straining in emergencies because you always have to do another step. When you cloth straining you have to be able to access another method, so you should not have to use it all the time. A time to use it is if your fleeing from a place and your desperate for clean water. All you have to do is take a piece off a piece of clothing. When you find dirty water you can strain water and then drink it.
We believe that important figures like charities, government and even everyday people can help with improving clean water. Negative affects are dieing from malaria, cholera, river blindness, the guinea worm and many more. People can help by donating money to help charities that build clean water facilities. The government and charities can raise awareness of the bad affects that happen when you drink dirty water. Educating people (around the world and in the situation) about the problem and solution is good because they will pitch in and will help.
Container Settlement: Yes or No!
Yes, I believe we should use container settlement to clean water in developing countries. I am saying this because 1.1 BILLION people (17% of the world) are without improved water (not safe for drinking) and that is way too many. I think container settlement is a pretty good solution because charities can give people in developing countries a few tools (Containers, Lids, dish wash) and tell them what to do and they can continue to use it independently. The materials are very cheap, easy to get and use. If you let the water set for just one day, 50% of the bacteria will die, and yes it’s that EASY! Another pro is that if you want to kill cercariae you just have to let it set for 48 hours. Container settlement also removes suspended solids and some pathogens. The positive effects for the environment are that there are not a lot of materials and they are reusable. My last pro is that you are not dealing with any chemicals, so it’s good for the environment and EVERYBODY CAN USE IT!
The negative effects are that it takes a long time but using the 3 pot treatment system you can get clean water every day and have several containers working at the same time. Another con is that it does not remove all pathogens. The last negative effect is that you need to clean the containers which takes time and cleaners cost money and have harmful chemicals and you need water to wash them.
As you can see, there are many more pro’s for container settlement so yes people in developing countries should use them.
Giving tools and essential needs to people in developing countries will help them to be able to drink purified water. CAUSING LESS DEATHS and more young children will be able to live past their 5th birthday.
Cloth straining is very simple to use and doesn't cost much. It's effective for some bugs called Helminth and Protoza. Helminth is a parasite worm that if you are to get it lives inside of you. It's okay to use for the bacteria in the water and the taste, smell and colour of the water. Sadly cloth straining does not work for any viruses and chemicals in the water. So cloth straining should not be used alone. But is good to do before you use another treatment.
In three easy steps.
First you get a piece of fabric and fold it multiple times.
Second you put a container below your multiple layers of cloth.
Lastly you pour the water into the fabric and you will have clean water in the container.
To be able to do this people can hold fundraisers to donate money and then help out others. by doing this the world can have nice clean water.
Extra Facts
Contamination of water depend on source of water ex. where is passed and what it picked up
->Underground water (using deep wells): Free of pathogens, high levels of inorganic chemicals (Picked by the rocks)
->Small creek or spring(Mountain area): won't have large amount of pathogens, will pick up sediments.
->Large stream or river(Populated area): High levels of pathogens, not a lot of inorganic chemicals
->Stream (Farming area): Pick up pesticides and fertilizers, will have high levels of organic chemicals.
Children
Every minute a child dies of
a water-related disease
Women
Women and children spend around 200 million
hours collecting water
Water
1 in 9 people lack access to safe water
Sanitation
More people have a mobile phone than a toilet
Economic
For every $1 spent on water and sanitation
there is a $4 economic return