Timeline of - c.600 BCE and 600 BCE - 600 CE

Timeline of the Early Civ. and Classical Period (600 BCE - 600 CE) By Emily Hung A/C 3

China

India and Persia

Greece and Hellenistic Age

Rome

Americas

Religion

Mesopotamia and Egypt

Shang Dynasty: 1766 - 1122 BCE

- Bronze metallurgy

- Oracle bones

- Stratified society

- Matrilineal society vanishes

Maya civilization reaches its height

- Writing system (pictographs

- Value of 0

- Astronomy studies

- Accurate calenders

Judaism:

- Holy texts: Bible, Ten Commandments, Torah

- Covenant between Yahweh and people

Zhou Dynasty: 1029 - 258 BCE

- Beginning of Mandate of Heaven

- Standardized spoken language: unification

- Expands south to Yangtze Riv.

Han Dynasty: 200 BCE - 220 CE

- Civil service exams begin

- Gov. bureaucracy

- Water conservation projects (irrigation, canal systems, water powered mills)

- Expands to C Asia, Korea, and Indochina

-Time of peace for China

Gupta India: 320 - 550 CE

- Hindu oriented

- Not as centralized as Mauryans

- Theory of 0, Arabic numerals, decimal system

- Astronomy

- Medicine; plastic surgery, bone setting, smallpox vaccine

c. 4000 BCE: C Mexico farms maize, beans, squash, tomatoes, and peppers

Persian Empire: 550 - 336 BCE

- Tolerance towards conquered people

- Zoroastrianism introduced

c. 5500 BCE: Huang He Valley farms soybeans and millet, domesticates chickens and pigs

132 CE: Jewish people spread out in Roman Emp after 2nd diaspora

327 BCE: Alexander the Great reaches Indian subcontinent

258 BCE: Zhou Dynasty ends- Warring States period begins

c.3000 BCE: South America farms potatoes, maize and beans

322 BCE: Mauryan Dynasty founded by Chandragupta

900 BCE: Assyrians and Persians take over Mesopotamia

63 CE: Palestine becomes province of Judea in Roman Emp.

146 BCE: Hellenistic Age ends- Rome conquers Greek peninsula

44 BCE: Julius Caesar assassinated- period of civil disorder

c. 3500 BCE: SE Asia farms yams, taro and citrus fruits

c. 7000 BCE: Sudanese Africa and W Africa farm sorghum and yams

722 BCE: Northern Israel falls to the Assyrians

313 CE: Christianity is allowed in Roman Empire by Emperor Constantine

c. 2700: Pharaohs begin construction of pyramids

381 CE: Christianity becomes official religion of Roman Empire

1000 BCE: Kingdom of Israel established

c. 3500 BCE: Sumerians settle in Mesopotamia

c. 9000 BCE: Agriculture begins

776 BCE: First Olympics held in Olympia

2000 BCE: Abraham migrates to Canaan

1500 BCE: IRV taken over by Aryans

c. 2500 BCE: Indus Riv. Valley emerges

c. 6000 BCE: Agriculture spreads to E Mediterranean

800 BCE: Kingdom of Rome originates

1122 BCE: End of Shang Dynasty

550 CE: Gupta Empire ends

c. 4000 BCE: Agriculture reaches N Europe

c. 6500 BCE: Yangtze Riv. Valley farms rice

c. 3000 BCE: Egypt grows on Nile Riv.

27 BCE: Rule of Octavian/Augustus Caesar

c. 600 BCE

c. 8000 BCE: Jericho established

563 BCE: Prince Gautama was born

509 BCE: Rome begins using aristocracy

336 BCE: Persian Empire ends

404 BCE: Peloponnesian Wars end

586 BCE: Judah falls to Chaldeans

C. 800 BCE: Kush invades Egypt

180 CE: Pax Romana ends

300 BCE

220 CE: Han Dynasty ends

202 BCE: Qin Dynasty ends

Rule of Pericles in Athens: 443 - 429 BCE

- Golden age: acheivments in philisophy, arts, science

900 BCE: Chavin civ. rises

0 CE

c. 600 CE

500 BCE: End of Vedic Age

300 CE

Catal Huyuk established

4 - 6 BCE: Jesus?

1766 BCE

1029 BCE

221 BCE

550 BCE

320 CE

269 BCE

551 BCE

478 BCE

232 BCE

431 BCE

246 BCE

500 BCE

264 BCE

429 BCE

443 BCE

200 BCE

449 BCE

I

Punic Wars: 264 - 246 BCE

500 - 449 BCE: Athens and Sparta ally to defeat Persia

Qin Dynasty: 221 - 202 BCE

-Great Wall begins construction

- Weights, measures and coins standardized

- Common written language established

-Expands south to N Vietnam

Pelopennesian Wars: 431 - 404 BCE

- Athens and Sparta fight for dominance

- Athens suffers massive plague

- Sparta wins

323 BCE: Alexander the Great dies

IRV:

- Harappa and Mohenjo Daro

- Grid layout of both cities

- Running water and sewage

King Ashoka: 269 - 232 BCE

- Unified Indian subcontinent

- Tolerance- allowed Buddhism

- Encouraged trade

Christianity

- Jesus and 12 disciples

- Jesus's life documented in Bible

- Monotheistic

- 313 CE: Roman emperor Constantine allows Christianity

- Christianity spreads

BUDDHISM:

- Gautama witnesses mass suffering in the world

- Fasts and meditates for six years

- Discovered 4 Noble Truths

- Reincarnation; series of reincarnations would lead to nirvana (union w/ divine essence)

- Spread by nuns and monks at first; then spread through traders

- Spread to SE Asia, E Asia, Sri Lanka, Japan, Korea, China

Confucius: 551 - 478 BCE

-Confucianism designed to create order in China during Warring States period

- Filial piety

- Ancestor veneration

- Gov. stability depended on education

- Analects- compilation of Confucius sayings

- Civil service based off of this

- 5 Key relationships

Pax Romana: 27 BCE - 180 CE

- Public works projects

- Latin established as common language

- Common currency

- Stadiums built for entertainment

- Jesus born; roman roads spread Christianity

Hellenistic Age: 323 - 146 BCE

- Blended Greek, Persian and other cultues

- Stoicism

- Mystery Religions

- Euclidian geometry, Pythagorean Theorem

- Human anatomy and physiology (Galen)

- Circumference of the earth calculation (Eratosthenes)

- Geocentric theory (Ptolemy)

Egypt:

- Projects to harness flood waters formed community and government

- Defined social classes

- Patriarchal

- Hiroglyphics

Vedic Age: 1500 - 500 BCE

Sumerians:

- Cuneiform

- Number system and celestial studies

- Ziggurats

- Epic of Gilgamesh

- patriarchal