Ratings of other dimensions ?
Results
Conclusion
The influence of smile type appeared to be stronger for the ratings of extroversion and generosity.
- Male faces were rated by men as being significantly more generous when showing a Duchenne smile.
- The effects of Duchenne smile on ratings of competitiveness and conscientiousness were low and moderate (they increase due to smiling).
- Low effect sizes were also observed for the judgements of agreeableness, openness to experience, and neuroticism.
- Smiles with an emotional basis (Duchenne smiles) are affecting the judgements of personality traits (extroversion and generosity)
- Ratings of generosity given by female judges to male smiling faces were slightly affected by smile type.
- Duchenne smile - signal of sociability
Duchenne Smiles and The Perception of Generosity and Sociability in Faces
Method - face perception experiment
Research
- 25 males and 25 females were photographed (two pictures for each individual)
- Duchenne and non-Duchenne smiles
- 10 different attributes:
- attractiveness, generosity, trustworthiness, competitiveness, health, agreeableness, conscientiousness, extroversion, neuroticism, and openness to experience.
- The panel of judges consisted of 58 people (29 males, 29 females)
The study investigates...
Non-verbal signs related to positive emotions = honest signals of altruistic dispositions
- whether a link can be drawn between Duchenne smiling and the major personality dimensions.
For the purpose of the subject: Interpersonal Communication Laboratory
In another study...
- people showing enjoyment smiles (i.e. Duchenne smiles) were judged as being more expressive, natural, outgoing, sociable, relaxed...
Duchenne vs. Non-Duchenne smile
Duchenne smiles have more positive impact on social judgements than non-Duchenne smiles
- researchers found associations between Duchenne smiles and positive attributions by observers.
Professor: Ângelo Vicente
Student: Dragana Dodik
non-Duchenne Smile
Real vs. Fake Smile
Deliberate or social smile - involves the contraction of just the "zygomaticus major" since we cannot voluntarily contract the "orbicularis oculi".
November 2016, Lisbon
Duchenne Smile
Genuine or true smile - involve the activity of facial muscles in the eye region (orbicularis oculi)
Named after the French physician Guillaume Duchenne