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Cycling of Matter &

Flow of Energy Prezi

Denitrification is the process where nitrogen compounds are turned back into atmospheric nitrogen.

Heat energy from the sun causes water in puddles, streams, rivers, seas or lakes to change from a liquid to a water vapor.

This is called evaporation.

The vapor rises into the air and collects in clouds.

Water vapor collects in clouds. As the clouds cool the water vapor condenses into water drops.

This is called condensation.

Transpiration is the process by which plants lose water out of their leaves.

Transpiration gives evaporation a bit of a hand in getting the water vapor back up into the air.

Flow of Energy Notes

Ecosystem are all of the living and non living things that live in an area.

Living are called biotic factors.

Nonliving are abiotic factors.

Rocks are also abiotic factors.

FOOD WEBS

FOOD CHAINS EXAMPLES

FOOD WEB

A food chain is a series of events in which one organism eats another to obtain energy.

A food web consists of the many overlapping food chains in an ecosystem.

If matter on earth cannot be created or destroyed, it must be used over and over again. This is referred to as the "Cycling of Matter".

herbivores only eat plants

WATER CYCLE

Water falls to the earth from clouds. Mainly as rain, but sometimes as snow and hail.

This is called precipitation.

Nitrogen Cycle

Nitrogen is an important part of our bodies. Amino acids all contain nitrogen and these are the building blocks that make up the proteins in your hair, muscles, skin and other important tissues. Nitrogen is an important part of your DNA, which defines what you are like in many ways.

Nitrogen Cycle

Organisms require nitrogen to make amino acids, which combine to form proteins. Nitrogen also makes nucleic acids, which combine to form DNA and RNA.

Atmospheric nitrogen can’t be used by organisms until it is changed by nitrogen fixing bacteria found in the soil.

Carbon Dioxide/ Oxygen Cycle

As the animals give off waste or die off, nitrogen is returned to the soil where other bacteria go through the process of denitrification.

These nitrogen compounds are absorbed into plants and later may be eaten by animals to make their way through the food chain.

Other soil bacteria convert fixed nitrogen into nitrates and nitrites, that primary producers can use to make proteins and nucleic acids.

Nitrogen gas makes of 78% of the Earth's atmosphere.

Consumers eat the producers and reuse the nitrogen to make their own nitrogen-containing compounds.

Decomposers release nitrogen from waste and dead organisms as ammonia, nitrates, and nitrites that producers may take up again.

  • Other soil bacteria obtain energy by converting nitrates into nitrogen gas, that is released into the atmosphere in a process called dentrification.
  • A small amount of nitrogen is converted into usable forms by lightning in a process called atmospheric nitrogen fixation.

Humans also add nitrogen to the biosphere through the manufacture and use of fertilizers.

Nitrogen fixing bacteria will change the nitrogen gas into useful nitrogen compounds.

Only certain types of soil bacteria can use nitrogen directly. The bacteria converts nitrogen gas into ammonia, in a process call nitrogen fixation.

Nitrogen-containing substances including ammonia, nitrate ions, and nitrite ions are found in soil, the waste of many organisms, and in dead/decaying organic matter.

Dissolved nitrogen exists in several forms in the ocean and other large bodies of water.

C6H12O6 + O2 ----> 6 H2O + CO2

Glucose Oxygen Water Carbon Dioxide

Plants give off the gas O2 as a waste product of photosynthesis.

Animals give off the gas CO2 as a waste product during respiration.

Photosynthesis

Light energy + 6 H2O + CO2 ----> C6H12O6 + O2

Water Carbon Dioxide Glucose oxygen

carnivores only eat animals

omnivore eats both plants and animals

Scavengers eat dead animals

POND ECOSYSTEM

The Sun is a abiotic factor.

Producers – organisms that captures energy from sunlight through photosynthesis and stores it as food energy; also known as autotrophs.

In this case plants and phytoplankton.

Plants

Habitat – a specific environment that provides what an organism needs.

Niche – the role of each organism in its ecosystem.

Consumer – obtains energy by feeding on other organisms; also known as heterotrophs.

Phytoplankton

Water is another abiotic factor.

Fish waste is also an abiotic factor.

Fish waste

ROCK

Decomposer – breaks down wastes and dead organisms. Examples: bacteria, worms,

termites, fungi,...

Energy Pyramid

1. It shows the amount of energy that moves from one feeding level to another in a food web.

2. Most energy is at the base of the pyramid, the producers.

3. At each level, there is less energy than the level below it.

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