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Brook Farm was a Utopian experiment attempt made by the transcendentalists. It, like most utopian experiments, contained socialist ideals in which everyone shared the labor done in the community.
This community was never financially stable because most members had little experience with farming and little success on the job. In 1846, the Phalanx, the town's center structure, burned down and the community never recovered after that, closing down in 1847
Transcendentalism branched off of the New England congregationalists ideals in their Calvinistic beliefs.
The Dial was a popular transcendentalist magazine that was created by Ralph Waldo Emerson. It was here where the transcendentalist beliefs were spread.
There was no precise cause that created Transcendentalism. It was a combination of the steady erosion of Calvinists, the rise of Unitarianism, and the "disruption" of the old order caused by industrialism.
The Dial was a major success, and was the primary reasons that the transcendentalist became well known in America. With The Dials success, Emerson would travel across the European continent, where he would blend transcendentalist ideas with European enlightenment thoughts and ideals.
Practices
Transcendentalists did not believe in the act of industrialization, as it took away from the potential a human has. In order to fluctuate in the best way possible, industrialization is to be removed so one could connect more with nature and God.
Nature is a key in Transcendentalism, as it is the best possible way to connect to God. Transcendentalist recommended to move away from city life and move out towards the natural world. Being with the plants and trees helped create a smaller gap between you and God.
A intellectual and philosophical movement that occurred in the Northeastern United States during the late 1820's and early 1830's.
Margaret Fuller
1810-1850
Born in Cambridge Massachusetts, Fuller was taught rigorously by her father, and grew up studying the art of literature. She would soon meet Ralph Waldo Emerson, in which the two would soon become friends.
Fuller would join with Emerson, and the two created the transcendentalist magazine, "The Dial". The magazine is where Fuller was able to spread her ideas to society and it allowed her to stand out compared to other woman at the time.
By Marcos Araque and German Ceppi
Transcendentalists believed that societies and institutions, specifically religion and political parties, corrupted the purity of an individual and to be at ones best, he or she must be self-reliant and independent.
Their main goal was to expand their spiritual awareness by connecting with themselves and with nature.
Transcendentalists are against industrialization and urbanization. They saw both occurrences as the main enemy against them, and they preached them as evil burdens on society.
Ralph Waldo Emerson
Henry David Thoreau
Emerson is the most important man in Transcendentalism, as he is the founding father of the whole ideological beliefs behind it.
Margaret Fuller
Emerson traveled Europe after the death of his wife. There he reflected on the Romanticism movement occurring in Europe that would pave the path to the creation of transcendentalism.
Emerson would soon create the magazine called "The Dial" where he would preach his transcendentalist ideas to all of America
Thoreau graduated from Harvard College, but he never knew what to do with his life. A few years later, he met Ralph Waldo Emerson. They grew to be friends and soon Emerson exposed Thoreau to his transcendentalist beliefs
Thoreau moved to Walden Pond, where he would write his most famous books and essays about living with nature and how it was much more relaxing and less stressful compared to city life. Through these writings, Thoreau was able to promote transcendentalism throughout the United States.