1600's
1500's
- 1608: Samuel de Champlain established a fortified trading post at Québec, the perfect location to foster the fur trade and to serve as the base for its founder's idea of colonizing the remote country
- 1642: Paul de Chomedey de Maisonneuve founded Ville-Marie, which was destined to become the most important trading post in New France and the future city of Montréal.
History of International Trade In Canada
- Early 1500's saw many Europeans coming to N.A to fish the abundant cod and trade it back in Europe while the later half saw them sailing to make trades with indigenous people's
- Jacques Cartier sailed in hopes of finding Northwest Passage but instead ended up in Labrador. He claimed a piece of land for France and began trade with Indigenous peoples
1400's
- 1497: English sent John Cabot on a voyage in search of spices
- He ended up on the shores of Newfoundland where he found an abundance of cod
- One of 1st Europeans to reach N.A
- Many Europeans came to fish and sell back to Europe
1600's Continued
- 1670: Formation of Hudson Bay Company - The King of England gave the company and their partners a charter in Hudson Bay giving the company the right to be the only one to sell and trade furs
- The King and Prince Rupert realized the potential economic gain of the fur trade
NAFTA
- North American Free Trade Agreement between Canada, U.S.A, and Mexico
- Largest free trade union of the time
- Generated economic growth and helped raise the standard of living for the less fortunate
- It built up Canada's prosperity and showed how beneficial trade liberalization can be
1763
The 1700's saw the slowing of trade due to the Seven Years War waged between France and England so demand for furs greatly decreased. In 1763 England was victorious and took back the fur trade industry
EFTA
- Canada-European Free Trade Association
- It is a goods only agreement with an emphasis on tariff elimination
- Possible expansion of the FTA into areas such as services, investment, and intellectual property
CUFTA
- Canada-Ukraine Free Trade Agreement
- Meant to eliminate trade barriers and create job opportunities for both countries
1783
Even though the war was over, H.B.C was dealing with other problems. Merchants from Montreal formed a new trading company called the Northwest Company which gave H.B
2000's
- 2000: H.B.C makes a website which show the expanding business
- 2006: H.B.C becomes a privately owned U.S company
- Leaders of countries from across the Americas meet in Canada at the Summit of the Americas. They reaffirm their commitment to setting up the world's largest free trade zone by 2005.
CETA
- Canada-European Union Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement
- Progressive trade agreement that upholds and promotes the values that Canada shares with Europe
- In force on September 21, 2017 so it is more recent
1900's Continued
1800's
- 1913: Opened their first modern department store in Calgary
- H.B.C adopts The Bay brand for retailing
- 1965: They also become the second largest holder of known gas reserves
- 1970: Become a Canadian business
1814: War of 1812 weakened the relationship between Canada and the U.S. The Treaty of Ghent was signed which restored their borders and continued their trading relationship
1800's Continued
- 1821: After years of competition, the Hudson Bay Company and Northwest Company merge resulting in HBC becoming the most powerful trading organization of the time
- Hudson Bay Company began trading furs with other countries
1900's
1910's: Hudson Bay Company expanded into other areas of business with three distinct departments: Land Sales, Fur Trade, and Retailing. Widened export opportunities
1929: The Stock Market Crash in 1929 left HBC with much less of a demand for their products which greatly affected trade