The Transition From Ox to Horse
- Oxes were previously used for the plowing of land by farmers, since they were cheaper to use than horses.
- With the invention of the padded horse collar and the horseshoe, this allowed horses to be able to pull the plows once pulled by oxes.
- Horses were actually more agile than oxes, and could plow the soil faster than the ox could.
The Three-Field Crop System
The Economics
- Agriculture was one of the main sources of income for most of Medieval Europe. With increased crop yields from the three-field system, this allowed the economy to thrive from increased trade.
- Providing two harvests per year also helped to reduce the risk of crop failure, and thus also reduced the risk of famine. With more people being well fed, the risk of disease also reduced and allowed the population to soar.
The Crops and its Effects
- When two fields were being planted, the peasants would plant one field in the fall with grains, including oats and barley, and vegetables in the other, including peas and lentils.
- This technique was most effective in areas above the Loire River and in the Alps, since these areas received lots of summer rains that were necessary for spring planting.
What Exactly Was This System?
- The Three Field System was a system of crop rotation that was developed during the Medieval period in Europe.
- The system itself was characterized by the use of three fields to plant crops instead of two.
- 2 fields were planted with actual crops, while the other was left to fallow, or to regain its fertility.