City and Guilds 2365 Part 2

The condition of the equipment

Some of the following checks may not be possible for equipment fitted with a non-rewirable plug:

• Check that detachable power supply cords to Class I equipment incorporate a continuous protective conductor
• Look for signs of overheating
• Check that the flexible cable is properly secured in the cord anchorage.
• If the plug is of the non-rewirable type, the cable grip should be tested by firmly pulling and twisting the cable.
• Check that the cable core terminations are tight, the plug is correctly connected, there is no excessive removal of insulation, that there are no loose strands and the cable cores are not strained
• Check that the fuse is securely gripped, and shows no signs of overheating.
• Check that the fuse is to BS 1362 and is approved Check the rating of the fuse.
• When replacing the plug cover check that it fits properly and will not come loose during use.
• Check that the flexible cable connections and anchorage at the equipment are sound.
• You also need to ensure that the equipment is suitable for the task at hand and that those who are using it know what they are doing.

Good housekeeping

Precautions Against Electric Shock and injury

When checking any electrical equipment the following items need to be inspected:

• Is the flexible cable in good condition? Is it free from cuts, fraying and damage?
• Is the flexible cable run where it could be damaged or cause a trip hazard? Is it too long, too short or in any other way unsatisfactory?
• Is there any signs of overheating at the socket-outlet or flex outlet?
• Is the socket-outlet free from cracks and other damage?
• Does the appliance work? Does it switch on and off properly? Is it free from cracks or damage to the case or damage which could result in access to live parts?
• Can the appliance be used safely?

Check that the equipment is installed and operated in accordance with the manufacturers’ instructions.

• cables should not be located where they are likely to be damaged, snagged, or create trip hazards
• the means of disconnection or isolation from the mains supply are readily accessible;
• the space around the equipment is adequate for ventilation and cooling with ventilation openings clear
• cups, plants and work material are not placed where their contents could spill into equipment
• any equipment is not positioned so close to walls and partitions that the cord is forced into a tight bend as it exits the equipment
• the equipment is only operated with protective covers in place and doors closed
• multi-way adaptors and trailing socket-outlets are avoided
• unprotcted cables are not run under carpets.

• When using any electric equipment hazards can exist
• Electric shock from loose or damaged leads or failure of earthing
• Burns caused by loose connections or poor positioning of heaters
• Damage to limbs and clothes caused by rotating parts.

Reduced Voltage Systems

Adult Resuscitation

One method of reducing the risk of electric shock is to reduce the level of voltage present, this is especially important when using portable tools etc

With a reduced voltage arrangement the voltage is limited to 110 V between lines and never more than 55 V to earth.

The double wound transformer is supplied at 230 V, but the secondary is centre tapped to earth.

This means that no more than 55 V can appear between any line and Earth.

• Check response with a gentle shake of the shoulders, taking care not to cause any more injury particularly to the neck
• If there is no response, the open the airway by gently tilting the neck back until the mouth falls open. Remove any obstruction.
• Check for breathing by watching for chest movements or hearing sounds
• If there is no breathing then give two rescue breaths, by holding the victims nose, taking a deep breath, placing your lips around the victims and breathing out.
• Check for circulation, is the victim breathing/coughing/moving? Wait for no more than 10s. If circulation is present then continue rescue breathing for 1 min and check for circulation again.
• If no circulation is present then carry out carry out CPR alternating 15 chest
• compressions with 2 rescue breaths.

There are two ways in which this is done:

• battery tools
• reduced voltage.

Recovery Position

• Kneel beside the victim
• Ensure the victims legs are straight
• Place the arm nearest you at right angles to the body, the elbow bent and the palms facing upwards
• Bring the farthest arm across the victims chest and hold the back of the hand against his cheek nearest to you.
• Pull the farthest leg up to right angles with the foot flat on the ground
• With the hand still against the cheek pull the farthest leg over you and settle the victim on his side
• Adjust the upper leg so that the knee and hip are bent at right angles .

Three Phase Supply Voltage Reduced

A standard three phase supply is connected to a three-phase double wound transformer with 110V between lines. This means that between any line and the star point of the transformer more than 63.5V appears

City and Guilds 2365Diploma in Electrical Installation Level 2 Unit 201

What to Do in the Case of an Electric Shock ?

Application of Health and Safety and Electrical principles

• Raise the alarm – call for help or get someone to go for help
• If possible switch off the power
• Call for an ambulance
• If the power cannot be immediately switched off then push or pull the person away from the power source using a good insulator like a length of wood or a chair (not a metal one!). Make sure that you are standing on an insulator while you are trying to remove them from the source.
• If the victim is breathing, place them in the recovery position and maintain an ope airway
• If the victim is not breathing apply appropriate resuscitation techniques
• Treat burns by flooding the site with plenty of cold water, and then place a sterile dressing (non-fluffy) over the burns to protect them from infection (do not apply any lotions)
• If the person regains consciousness then treat for shock
• Stay with the person until emergency services arrive or they are taken for treatment.

Revision from previous sessions

• Problems involved with working in confined spaces include; not being able to move away quickly, surrounded by metalwork and poor ventilation.
• Do not work alone in dangerous situations.
• A permit of work is part of a safe system of work and is given to a competent person to carry out a specific task.
• To test a potentially live source you need an approved voltage tester and a proving unit.
• There is a set process to follow for the safe isolation of a supply
• The Health And Safety( First Aid) Regulations 1981 require employers to provide adequate and appropriate facilities to enable first aid to be given to employees on site or at work.
• A first aider is someone who is trained in administering first aid.
• There are some practical things that we can do to prevent injury and discomfort.

Outcome 2

Apply safe working practices and follow accident and emergency procedures

Electric Shock

Session 3

Electric Shock

There is no point at which electricity is safe and therefore should always be treated with respect.

Aims and objectives

• State what the risk are associated with electrical energy.
• Know how to isolate potentially live equipment.
• Describe what to do in the case of electric shock.
• Determine the general rules for checking electrical equipme

A definition of an electric shock is an unpleasant sensation produced by the nerves response to a passage of electric current through a part of the body

To receive an electric shock you must become part of the circuit.

The severity of a shock depends on many things, age, sex, state of health, moisture content of the surroundings. The shock usually causes irregular beating of the heart and burns to the body.

What Electrical Current Does To The Body