Chess

Thanks for listening!

History

• China, India, & Persia all have claimed to be the inventor of chess
• First written record of the history of chess credited to James Murray in his A History of Chess described how the Arabs were the first chess players & masters
• We know now India may have invented chess with chanturanga & spread it across Europe

Who am I?

1747 to 1851

Where did I come from?

Chess

Some great players in the past include: François Philidor (France, 1747 - 1795), Louis de la Bourdonnais (France, 1747 - 1795), and Howard Staunton (England, 1843 - 1851)

Tactics & Strategies

Early Development

by: Steven Yuan

Conclusion

Chess is truly a game with unlimited possiblities; there is more to explore about chess than what you just see! As chess gains new players, new games are played, new World Champions are made, and new rules are posted. Who knows? Maybe chess will be the top sport in all countries one day.

Great Players

1866 to 1946

Some real champions include: Wilhelm Steinitz (Austria, 1866 -1894) Emanuel Lasker (Germany, 1894 - 1921), and Alexander A. Alekhine (France, 1927 - 1935 & 1937 - 1946)

First non-Soviet Union champion, Bobby Fischer of the U.S, is crowned after defeating Boris Spassky in a championship match this year

1972

1980s to 2000

Chess is given a boost from the championship duels between Gary Kasparov & Anatoly Karpov. During these years, there is also dispute over who gets the World Champion title.

Modern Chess

Removing the Defender

removing the defender: taking away a defending piece in a certain situation, then taking advantage of the undefended items(s) as a result

Vladimir Kramnik defeats Kasparov & ends the dispute over the World Champion

2000

Viswanathan Anand from India is the current World Champion

2007 to present

Discovered Attacks

fork: an attack on two or more pieces at the same time

pin: an attack on a piece that, when moved, leaves a more valuable piece undefended

skewer: the opposite of a pin; a valuable piece is threatened & "pinned" to a less valuable piece

Forks, Pins, & Skewers

discovered attack: when a piece is moved out to attack two things at once

These three tactics are the building blocks of the most complex strategies.

The Rook

• Resembles a castle turret
• Moves in straight lines across ranks & files
• Can't move around pieces or capture its own
• Captures, or takes, opponent pieces same way as moving

sacrifice: a loss of pieces to gain something more valuable e.g. checkmate

deflection: distracting a piece from doing one thing, then taking advantage of the undefended thing(s) as a result

Sacrifices & Deflections

The Bishop

• Identified by miter, or church bishop hat, on top
• Moves diagonally as many squares possible, but has to stay on same-colored squares
• LIke Rook, it can't move around pieces but still can capture opponent's pieces

• Files, starting from the left, are named a, b, c, d... to h
• Ranks, starting from White's side, are named 1, 2, 3, 4, ... to 8
• Squares are named by combining file letter with rank number

Nf3

d5

The Queen

• Only female piece of the chess set
• Moves as a combination of the Bishop & Rook
• Can't cross through other pieces; captures the same way she moves

• Pieces also have their own symbols; King is K, Queen Q, Rook R, Bishop B, Knight N, and Pawn no letter
• To write down a piece moving, put the piece symbol moving plus the square moved to

Algebraic Notation

• Is a very special piece in chess
• Depicted as a horse's head
• Knight moves differently than other pieces; moves in an L-shape two squares up, down, left, or right, then one square to the side
• Is the only piece that can jump over other pieces, but still captures the same way as it moves

The Knight

The Pieces

The Pawn

Here they are!

• Are the foot soldiers of the game
• Can't perform much on own, but if they get to the other side, it can be promoted
• Pawns move one space forward at a time, except for its first move, where it could move two spaces ahead
• Captures one space diagonally up, unlike its move

Rook

Knight

The King

• Tallest piece of the set
• Recognizable by his cross on top
• Although the most valuable, he is also the weakest piece as he could only move one square in any direction
• Captures same as moving, but can't move or capture where he can be taken

Bishop

Pawn

Queen

King

Addictive

Interactive

Unlimited

Creative

The Chessboard

Easy

Interesting

Fun

Diagonal

File

What is chess?

...a limitless game

Central Squares

8

S

Q

U

A

R

E

S

Rank

¡Hola!

Hello!

...an international language

Chess is...

...a game all can enjoy

Queenside

Kingside

8 SQUARES