Native American Genocide

1492- Columbus landed in the Americas.

1513- Ponce de Leon began his expedition.

1539- De Soto started exploring the south-east.

1585- Colony established on Roanoke Island.

1607- Jamestown founded.

1614- The Mayflower arrived.

1640- The Iroquois Wars began.

1776- The Cherokee helped out in the Revolutionary War.

1811- War between the Creek Indians and a group of armed men led by Andrew Jackson = future President.

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1830- The Indian Removal Act was passed by Congress.

1838- Indians were forced to walk along the Trail of Tears.

1887- Congress allows the selling of Indian land to settlers.

1890- The Wounded Knee Massacre occurred.

1969- It was declared that Indians were US citizens.

In 1492, the Indigenous (Native) population in America was 10-20 million.

Today, there are about 4.5 million Native Americans in the United States.

=

There are 574 federally recognized tribes in the US.

= 90 percent of the pre-Columbian (before Columbus came)

Indigenous population wiped out.

This makes the “Great Dying” the largest human

mortality (death) event in history.

Let's READ!

pages 13-16

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Now, complete the Close Read Questions on

pages 15 & 16 in your notebook.

Page #

Question:ACE Method

Conclude:

(20 minutes)

Reading Time!

Pages 17-21

Comprehension Check Time!

page 21 Answer IN THE BOOK,

Answer 1-4 using the ACE Method!

Follow directions.

15 minutes

turn to page 23

What is Symbolism?

When an author uses an object or a word to represent a universal idea.

Example: The Statue of Liberty

Page 23

Now, respond to ONLY questions 1 and 2 under PRACTICE.

Remember to use the ACE method to answer.

ONLY answer part A of each question.

15 minutes

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Ok. Now turn to page 26

Look at the DIRECTIONS for "Assignment."

Since your story is from GRANDPA's POV...you can start telling it from BEFORE this story starts. For instance, what was he thinking and doing in the days, weeks, months before he showed up on the family's street.

Your story MUST be at least 900 words - about 3 pages.

*for extra credit*

you can draw a picture of what you think grandpa looks like based on the descriptions given.

Now, we are going to watch a video called "Apache Girl's Rite of Passage."

Please pay attention for SYMBOLS and from whose POINT OF VIEW the "story" is told.

I would TAKE some NOTES in your notebook. Just sayin'.

Now, turn to pages 30-31 in your book. You will ONLY answer #2 on page 30 (list AT LEAST three examples) and #2 on page 31 (write AT LEAST three sentences for part b).

Fifteen Minutes

Now, we are going to start

Where the Broken Heart Still Beats

Amazing colorized photographs show Native Americans from some of the largest tribes proudly posing for the camera 100 years ago

Photographs dating back to 1899 show members of

Incredible colorized photographs have brought the history of the Native American people to life.

The fascinating images, dating back more than 100 years, include two cute Ojibwa babies in beautifully decorated cradleboards (traditional baby carriers); Taqui, a Hopi snake priest bedecked in a huge silver necklace; and a family portrait of members of the Ute tribe looking proudly towards the camera.

Other photos show a young Native American man laboring under a huge crop of barley, and three Apache men - Chief James A. Garfield, Pouche Te Foya and Sanches - looking resplendent in their feather headdresses.

Garfield was the revered chief of Apaches, a group of tribes which are similar in culture and speak the same language.

The Ojibwa are one of the largest Native American tribes in North America; the Ute were the last of the Western tribes to be forced onto a reservation; and the Crow, a nomadic tribe of hunters on the Great Plains.

Scroll down for video

Arrowmaker, an Ojibwa warrior, circa 1903: This image forms part of a set of colorized photographs of Native Americans taken at the turn of the 20th century. The Ojibwa tribe settled mainly in North Dakota, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan and Ontario. Hunters and fishermen, they also traded in furs with the French. The Ojibwa are part of a larger group of indigenous peoples known as the Anishinaabeg. The Ojibwe language, part of the Algonquian language family, is widely spoken in Canada. +13

Arrowmaker, an Ojibwa warrior, circa 1903: This image forms part of a set of colorized photographs of Native Americans taken at the turn of the 20th century. The Ojibwa tribe settled mainly in North Dakota, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan and Ontario. Hunters and fishermen, they also traded in furs with the French. The Ojibwa are part of a larger group of indigenous peoples known as the Anishinaabeg. The Ojibwe language, part of the Algonquian language family, is widely spoken in Canada

Three Apache men - Chief James A. Garfield (center), Pouche Te Foya and Sanches - looking resplendent in their feather headdresses, circa 1900. The traditional lands of the Jicarilla Apache also include Oklahoma. They were driven out in 1716 by the Comanche tribe and settled in what is now New Mexico. There are currently about 2,800 tribal members of the Jicarilla Apache Nation, most of whom live in the town of Dulce. The name 'Jicarilla' comes from the Mexican Spanish 'little basket', which references the sealed receptacles they used for drinking. +13

Three Apache men - Chief James A. Garfield (center), Pouche Te Foya and Sanches - looking resplendent in their feather headdresses, circa 1900. The traditional lands of the Jicarilla Apache also include Oklahoma. They were driven out in 1716 by the Comanche tribe and settled in what is now New Mexico. There are currently about 2,800 tribal members of the Jicarilla Apache Nation, most of whom live in the town of Dulce. The name 'Jicarilla' comes from the Mexican Spanish 'little basket', which references the sealed receptacles they used for drinking

A member of the Crow tribe, circa 1902. The Crow people were a plains tribe from land near the base of the Big Horn mountains in Wyoming and Montana. The tribe were powerful and skilled hunters on horseback and could demonstrate this during battle with techniques like hanging underneath a galloping horse by gripping the animal's mane. They were also known for their distinctive clothing, particularly their ornate and decorative bead-work. +13

A member of the Crow tribe, circa 1902. The Crow people were a plains tribe from land near the base of the Big Horn mountains in Wyoming and Montana. The tribe were powerful and skilled hunters on horseback and could demonstrate this during battle with techniques like hanging underneath a galloping horse by gripping the animal's mane. They were also known for their distinctive clothing, particularly their ornate and decorative bead-work

Apache chief James A. Garfield. It is believed that he was given the name by Spanish missionaries. He lived in La Jara, Colorado with his wife. For the most part, the Native American tribes lived peaceably, believing that nature was sacred and was to be shared. However, the coming of the Europeans and the removal of their land led to conflict - both between the different tribes and between the Native Americans and the newcomers. +13

Apache chief James A. Garfield. It is believed that he was given the name by Spanish missionaries. He lived in La Jara, Colorado with his wife. For the most part, the Native American tribes lived peaceably, believing that nature was sacred and was to be shared. However, the coming of the Europeans and the removal of their land led to conflict - both between the different tribes and between the Native Americans and the newcomers

Jose Romero, his wife and a baby in a cradleboard, 1899. This family were members of the Ute tribe. The Utes were a large tribe that lived in the mountain regions of Colorado, Utah, Wyoming, Eastern Nevada and Northern New Mexico. Utes were skilled hunters but, after introducing horses into tribe life in the 17th century, they became known as expert big game hunters - especially of buffalo, which they were particularly reliant on. +13

Jose Romero, his wife and a baby in a cradleboard, 1899. This family were members of the Ute tribe. The Utes were a large tribe that lived in the mountain regions of Colorado, Utah, Wyoming, Eastern Nevada and Northern New Mexico. Utes were skilled hunters but, after introducing horses into tribe life in the 17th century, they became known as expert big game hunters - especially of buffalo, which they were particularly reliant on

Taqui, a Hopi snake priest. The Hopi tribe - also known as Moki - settled in what is now northeastern Arizona. Their culture traditionally centered around farming, and after the arrival of the Spanish in 1540, sheep-herding. One of their most notable rituals was the Snake Dance, which saw performers dance with live snakes in their mouths. A peaceful tribe, they were occasionally subjected to raids by Navajo and Apaches. There are believed to be about 15,000 people of Hopi descent alive today. +13

Taqui, a Hopi snake priest. The Hopi tribe - also known as Moki - settled in what is now northeastern Arizona. Their culture traditionally centered around farming, and after the arrival of the Spanish in 1540, sheep-herding. One of their most nota

10 pages per day

=12 days

Now, let's PRACTICE what we just learned about making INFERENCES.

https://prezi.com/rwdtq2zmyaus/edit/#39

https://prezi.com/ifbpxm1oorw3/

stealelude (p. 10)avoid,

escapeseized (p. 10)

coaxed (p. 11)

desolation (p. 11)

depredations (p. 21)

fiendish (p. 22)

tedious (p. 27)

prestige (p. 31)

https://prezi.com/rwdtq2zmyaus/characters-round-and-flat-static-vs-dynamic/?present=1

blob:https://www.history.com/69ef398a-f13f-42d1-b2f8-60ffc0f654eb

https://www.history.com/news/native-americans-genocide-united-states

Native American Genocide

Quanah Parker

Trail of Tears

file:///C:/Users/anisa/Downloads/Where_the_Broken_Heart_Still_Beats_-_Carolyn_Meyer.pdf

Roanoke Colony

1.5 percent of the population.

Terror at Parker's Fort

20 minute Timer

10 minute Timer

The Indian Problem

Indian Removal Act

What if America was never colonized?

Let's Learn Point of View

Audio of "The Medicine Bag"

Now, we are going to watch a video called "Apache Girl's Rite of Passage."

15 minute Timer

20 Minutes

20 minutes

Apache Girl's Right of Passage

15 minutes

Quanah Parker Documentary

30 minutes

Lakota Sioux Reservation

Teaching Inferences

Time to Learn about Characterization!

ble rituals was the Snake Dance, which saw performers dance with live snakes in their mouths. A peaceful tribe, they were occasionally subjected to raids by Navajo and Apaches. There are believed to be about 15,000 people of Hopi descent alive today

For the most part the Native American tribes lived peaceably, believing that nature was sacred and was to be shared.

However, the coming of the Europeans and the removal of their land led to conflict between the different tribes - and between the Native Americans and the newcomers.

By the end of the 19th century, the tribes had lost their fight to preserve their traditional way of life and those who had survived the conflicts were confined to reservations.

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The vivid images, which were taken around the turn of the 20th century, were produced using photochrom; a method of producing colorized photographs from black and white negatives via the direct photographic transfer of a negative onto lithographic printing plates.

It was invented in the 1880s and was most popular in the 1890s, when these images were taken. Although true colour photography had been developed by then, it was not commercially practical yet.

Photochrom reproductions became popular due to the craze with sending postcards.

A group of Ute children, 1899. Utes had a reputation of fierce warriors, with Spanish settlers speaking of their fine physiques and ability to live in harsh conditions - a stark contrast to the soft dispositions of their Europeans counterparts. All members of the tribe were willing to fight... with women and children also known to defend their camps with spears if necessary +13

A group of Ute children, 1899. Utes had a reputation of fierce warriors, with Spanish settlers speaking of their fine physiques and ability to live in harsh conditions - a stark contrast to the soft dispositions of their Europeans counterparts. All members of the tribe were willing to fight... with women and children also known to defend their camps with spears if necessary

Chief Ignacio (1828-1913) of the Southern Utes. Ignacio was leader of the Weenuchiu band of Utes, located in present-day Colorado, at a time when European-American settlers started encroaching on Ute land in the late 1800s. He helped to negotiate tribal treaties - and the Southern Ute Indian Reservation would go on to name Ignacio as its capital in his honor +13

Chief Ignacio (1828-1913) of the Southern Utes. Ignacio was leader of the Weenuchiu band of Utes, located in present-day Colorado, at a time when European-American settlers started encroaching on Ute land in the late 1800s. He helped to negotiate tribal treaties - and the Southern Ute Indian Reservation would go on to name Ignacio as its capital in his honor

Ojibwa babies in cradleboards, circa 1903. Tradition dictated that every Ojibwa tribe was divided into migratory bands. In the autumn, these groups separated into family units, which dispersed to individual hunting areas; in summer, families gathered together, usually at fishing sites. There are an estimated 175,000 people of Ojibwa descent alive today +13

Ojibwa babies in cradleboards, circa 1903. Tradition dictated that every Ojibwa tribe was divided into migratory bands. In the autumn, these groups separated into family units, which dispersed to individual hunting areas; in summer, families gathered together, usually at fishing sites. There are an estimated 175,000 people of Ojibwa descent alive today

Pueblo tribal members. Jose Jesus and wife, 1899. These indigenous people were given the name 'pueblos' ('towns') by colonizing Spaniards, on account of the small, permanent settlements the tribe called home,in Arizona and New Mexico. The systematic persecution of Native Americans by the white settlers had left what little Natives remained with few options, the best of which perhaps was to become part of mainstream society in an attempt to adjust to modern life +13

Pueblo tribal members. Jose Jesus and wife, 1899. These indigenous people were given the name 'pueblos' ('towns') by colonizing Spaniards, on account of the small, permanent settlements the tribe called home,in Arizona and New Mexico. The systematic persecution of Native Americans by the white settlers had left what little Natives remained with few options, the best of which perhaps was to become part of mainstream society in an attempt to adjust to modern life

The tribe farmed the sandy, arid soil for hundreds of years, with maize chief among its crops +13

They also grew beans, squash and melons. Such activity was carried out by men, while the women would weave baskets, make pottery, raise their children and care for the elderly +13

A Hopi man with a hoe, while another brings in the harvest. The tribe farmed the sandy, arid soil for hundreds of years, with barley and maize chief among its crops. They also grew beans, squash and melons. Such activity was carried out by men, while the women would weave baskets, make pottery, raise their children and care for the elderly

Southern Ute tribe member Pee Viggi and his wife, 1899. Today, the Uintah and Ouray reservation is the home of the Ute tribe. It is located in Northeastern Utah (Fort Duchesne) approximately 150 miles east of Salt Lake City - and is the second largest Indian Reservation in the U.S., covering 4.5million acres. +13

Southern Ute tribe member Pee Viggi and his wife, 1899. Today, the Uintah and Ouray reservation is the home of the Ute tribe. It is located in Northeastern Utah (Fort Duchesne) approximately 150 miles east of Salt Lake City - and is the second largest Indian Reservation in the U.S., covering 4.5million acres.

Native Americans and the right to vote

Written into the original U.S. Constitution was a clause that said Indians who didn't pay taxes could not be counted in the voting population of states.

That prevented Native Americans living in tribal communities - considered sovereign nations - from becoming U.S. citizens and voting members of the new democracy.

Like African Americans, Native Americans were excluded from voting and public accommodations long after the Civil War and the Wounded Knee Massacre of 1890 in South Dakota.

The Indian Naturalization Act of 1890 finally granted citizenship to Native Americans by an application process, but many weren't allowed to vote until President Calvin Coolidge signed the Indian Citizenship Act in 1924.

Still, a number of states such as New Mexico and Arizona barred many Native Americans from voting.

That changed after World War II veteran Marine Sgt. Miguel Trujillo Sr. sued New Mexico when a county clerk refused to allow him to register to vote because he lived on tribal land.

Trujillo won his case, clearing the way for Native Americans in New Mexico and elsewhere to vote.