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www.businessdictionary.com/definition/doctrine-of-collective-responsibility.html

Sheena Vithilingem

Shiza Bari

2. Cooperation

Rule of Law

1. Economic Equality

Co-operation is the means through which a collecticvist society achieves its goals. In order for a collectivist society to be successful, the effort and co-operation of each and every member is necessary.

Economic equality is the concept or idea of fairness in economics. An economically equal society usually has the following charateristics:

- All people earn equal wages for work of similar value.

- All people share the wealth of the society.

- People own the means of production (factories or companies that produce goods) collectively.

Personal Example

3. Public Property

All individuals are expected to obey the law including higher forms of authorities such as; the Queen, the Prime minister, the Governor General. Citizens are all equal subjects before the law rather than subjects to an authoritarian figure who holds themselves above the law.

The picture below suggets the importance of the co-operation of each member of a collective society. In a society as such, people need to work together in order to benefit all of society.

Co-operation of every member in society is something that makes all of our daily lives easier. For example, sometimes when it snows, I go outside and shovel the driveway and sidewalk in front of my house and my neighbours's house because it is helpful for others and because often times my neighbours do the same for me. This creates a sense of community among all of us who live by each other.

Personal Example

Modern Society Example

Individual Rights and Freedom

The picture shown below suggests uniformity and egualitarianism in a society. Economic equality is an important feature of a collectivist society, and since wealth is distributed equally in these kinds of societies, people tend to lead similar lifestyles.

Although Canada's wealth isn't quite spread equally yet, there are many people who benefit from the taxation in Canada, especially those who cannot afford healthcare. People who earn and spend more money pay more taxes and it helps provide funding for hospitals and other things. For example, my mother was hospitalized and got surgery when I was 13 and the government supported my mother's healthcare financially.

Members of the black community express their distain for the social justice system by following the "Black lives matter" movement because they believe that some police officers abuse their powers by discriminating against their race. An example of when police officer abuse their given rights are when they exercise police brutality upon young teenagers from the black community. Within the recent years, their have been many cases of this type of abuse of rights by police circulating around the news and websites. Police officers do not abide to the rule of law when they exercise their rights beyond their given limits.

The image above demonstrates a group of individuals who are protesting against racism and injustice experienced by African-American. The Black lives Matter movement hopes to abolish prejudice against the black community .

Any property that is not owned by a private individual or a company is called public property. It belongs to the public at large and not to an individual. Schools, government office buildings etc. are all considered to be public property.

Individuals are rightfully entitled to make their own choices without being interfered by other individuals or authority figures. Some examples of such rights include the freedom to practice any religion, the freedom of associations and the right to vote. There are negative consequences that come with granting rights and freedom to individuals as it is often hard to find a balance between different individuals that satisfies the society as a whole.

Personal Example

The picture shown below is of a school. Most schools are examples of a public property because they are usually owned and funded by the government, and provide services to all the community families.

In a collectivist society it is rather important to have public properties where the members of that society can meet each other an get to know each other. For me The Genesis Community Wellness Centre is one such place. I often go there to volunteer and to meet new people from my community. There are a lot of different cultural events there as well, all of which I love to attend.

Personal Example

Religion is important to my family and I. During our application process to become immigrants in Canada, my father made sure that we would be allowed to practice our religion in the comforts of our home or a temple without being intefered by opposing individuals. It made him feel safe knowing that our rights were protected by the Charters of rights and Freedom.

The image above shows tied up hands who appear to be reaching for different religions in the air. This is a representation of the right to religious freedom to all individuals in the society. Freedom of religion in Canada is a constitutionally protected right, meaning it is an individual right that is protected by the Charters of Rights and Freedom.

4. Collective Interest

Private Property

Collective interest refers to the ideas that members of a society share about how to improve their society. The principle of collective interest states that while individual members may have individual interests, these interests are often better addressed by making them a common set of interests that society as a whole can address together.

Private property is property that is owned by an individual person, company, etc. Property law applies to three types of property: real estate, other forms of physical possesion and intellectual property. Vehicles, houses, and money are all examples of private property.

Personal Example

The image below shows a crowd protesting against Donald Trump becoming president. It is apparant that these people believe that Donald Trump becoming president is not in the collective interest of their community.

As I mentioned before, individuals often work in groups and discuss how to better serve their community while keeping in mind their collective interests. A while back, my mother and I joined "The Women's Support Group" which helps female immigrants adjust to their new lives in Canada and helps them get jobs and contribute to the society. It was in the collective interest of all the members to help those immigrants and guide them how to become a part of, and contribute to, Canadian society.

Modern Society Example

In Canada, many indivuals believe that one should be entitled to their own land but many also oppose to that opinion. Some First nations, Metis and Inuits people believed that land should not be looked as something that can be owned or possessed but a shared space that is taken care of by individuals. Such conflicts of interest can cause clashes among members of a society.

In the image above, an aboriginal man's mouth is being covered by the Canadian flag and the word "No justice on stolen land" is inscribed the bottom of the image. This is referring to the individualistic mindset of some Canadians who believe that land should be one's own property versus the collectivist mindset of some Aboriginals who believed that land should be shared.

Collectivism

Individualism

5. Collective Responsibility

Economic Freedom

A policy that suggests that every member who participates (or is supposed to participate) in a group is responsible for the actions of all the individuals (or individual groups) within the group.

Free Trade: Buisnesses have the liberty to sell,or trade, products and/or ideas to consumers who wish to invest into those items without the inteference of the government.

Countries are ranked by The Economic Freedom Index, an annual index which was compiled by the Wall Street Journal and the Heritage Foundation to measure the degree of the economic freedom of different countries.

Personal Example

The picture below shows badges that contain the message "Don't Drink and Drive". Campaigns against underage drinking often state that the cure for this problem must be a collective responsibility. They stress upon the fact that underage drinking cannot be successfully addressed by focusing on youth alone. Youth usually obtain alcohol—either directly or indirectly—from adults. Efforts to reduce underage drinking, therefore, need to focus on adults and must engage the society at large.

It is important for a society to recognize it's collective responsibility because we influence the lives of people all around us. For example in my family, it is the collective responsibility of all the older members to act in an appropriate way around my younger siblings. That means no bad words and things like that because if any one of us slips up, it may cause a bad influence on the younger members of the family. That is why it is the collective responsibility of all the other members to be careful of their actions.

A political theory associated with the idea that people should prioritize the good of society over the welfare of the individual. In collectivist societies, the group is considered more important than the individual and groups in such societies are expected to "take care" of fellow members. As opposed to individualism, collectivism promotes uniformity and conformity in a society and encourages individuals as a whole to work harder to make their society better.

Personal Example

A policy that suggests that the private interests of each individual are more important than those of the society as whole. Individualism stresses that individuals best serve public interest when perusing their own self-interests. In an individualist society, qualities such as uniqueness, creativity, and initiative-taking are given priority.

In our society, most people dont think about the buisness that goes on behind a purchase that is being made. For example, whenever my family and I run out of simple necessities such as eggs or milk, we go to the nearest grocery store and purchase what we need. We believe that we have freedom to buy whatever we need whenever we need it. While this is true that we have this economic liberty to purchase anything, it is still the government that is regulating whatever the grocery store is selling to its consumer. In this case, the grocery story would be considered a welfare state.

The image above shows a customer buying a product from a free market enterpreneur. In some countries,the consumer is able to purchase what they desire without interference from the gorvernment.

6. Adherence to Collective Norms

Social norms are informal understandings that govern the behavior of members of a society. Groups often impose norms on their members as a condition of membership in the group. Living up to these standards might be considered a daily responsibility.

Self Interest and Competition

Personal Example

The picture below is an example of adherance to collective norms because it shows two people shaking hands. In most societies, shaking hands gives others a good impression of you. If you don't shake someone's hand, it may lead others to believe you are rude or unwelcoming.

In our society, there are many things that we don't even question doing because they are considered "normal". For example, in Canadian society, it is a norm to hold a door open for someone behind you. I, along with many others, often do this, as it is a sign of being courtious and polite towards other members of our society.

Self interest acts as a motivator of economic activities as people generally act in their own self interest. Competition between people arise because people are trying to fufill that self-interest.

Modern Society Example

https://warriorpublications.wordpress.com/2012/08/07/harper-government-to-introduce-law-to-allow-private-property-on-reserves/

www.votivasoft.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/06/businessman-handshake.jpg

www.heidimilton.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/04/Kaely-button.jpg

Independent franchises such as McDonalds and Burger King express self-interest because while they care about their customers, they also care about how much money they are making. For example, the workers at Mcdonalds will make sure to provide excellent service and well-cooked food to their consumers in order to ensure that they will keep on returning to the same franchise instead of going to another fast-food restaurant chain such as Burger King. When Burger King workers see this, they will also put more effort into assisting their customers and produce items that will encourage the consumers to visit again. This competition acts a catalyst between the two franchise as they will both want more consumers, they will both make an effort to work harder.

thumbnails.cbc.ca/maven_legacy/thumbnails/118/107/trump-protests-reuters.jpg

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http://everyvoice.org/featured/statement-solidarity-black-lives-matter

This image portrays two fast food chain restaurants; McDonalds and Burger King. This represent competition between two cooperations as they both sell similar food products. They will motivate each other to produce more appetizing products as they will always try to outdo each other.

https://www.google.ca/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0ahUKEwj7vdyAsovSAhVBIWMKHQFmAcQQjRwIBw&url=https%3A%2F%2Finfograph.venngage.com%2Fp%2F13258%2Ffreedom-of-religion&psig=AFQjCNFXjNTpeM6DZZu4DU7Y8xitWWeT8Q&ust=1487017479043141

https://www.planetizen.com/files/styles/news_header/public/images/fast%20food%20restos%20crop.jpg?itok=1pQEVeMA

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