Social Cost of Carbon
Today
Bibliography
Conclusion
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Photos
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- Ninth Circuit Court
- First policy including social cost of Carbon
- Mean optimization
The Corporate Average Fuel Economy Standards: A Vehicle to Fuel Change?
“...analysis of impacts on climate is likely to be an increasingly important component of [National Environmental Policy Act compliance.”
Ninth Circuit Court
"Both the impact of an agency action on the environment through the mechanism of [greenhouse gas] emissions and the impact of changing climate on that agency action” should be included in NEPA.
White House Council on Environmental Qquality
Gavriela Reiter
Failures of CAFE
Cost-Benefit Analyses
- NAAQS vs. HAPs
- Carbon dioxide
- Dropping in gas prices
- Loopholes in the legislature
- Flexible-fuel loophole
- light-truck loophole
- Lobbying by the industry
Urban Air Pollution
Introduction
Successes of CAFE
- 1973
- Oil embargo
- Created to reduce dependence on oil
- Energy Policy Conservation Act
- Primary air pollutants
- Secondary air pollutants
- Carbon dioxide -> Greenhouse gas effect
- Reduce air pollution
- Increased efficiency
- Spur innovation
Although the CAFE standards were created in order to ration oil, due to their success at reducing air pollution, loopholes for the corporate sector of the United States, and new inclusion of the social cost of carbon, CAFE standards are now used as a form of climate change mitigation.