The layers of earth
The Core
The core has 2 parts to it, the outer core and the inner core. First i will talk about the outer core. The outer core, unlike the rest of the layers of earth, is liquid. It is 1,216km thick. Its density is 9.9-12.2g/cm. It is 4,400 ° C-6,100 ° C. The outer core is a layer of molten metal that surrounds the inner core. Scientists think that movements in the outer core create Earth's magnetic field. Both the outer core and the inner core's composition are iron and nickel. The inner core is a dense ball of solid metal in the middle of Earth. It is 1,126km thick. It is solid, and its density is 12.8 - 13.1g/cm. It is 6,100 ° C - 7,000 ° C. Why is the outer a liquid and the inner core is solid? Extreme pressure squezses the atoms of iron and nickel so much that they cannot spread out and become liquid
The Mantle
The mantle is the second layer of earth and is below the crust and above the inner core. Earth's mantle is made up of rock that is very hot, but solid. The mantle is nearly 3,000km thick.The uppermost part of the mantle and the crust together form a rigid layer called the lithosphere.The lithosphere floats on the asthenosphere. In greek, lithos means "stone" and asthenes means "weak". If you kicked the asthenosphere, it would stub your toe. The mantles composition is silicon, oxygen, iron, and magnesium. It is 870 ° C-4,400 ° C.
The Crust
The crust is the first layer of Earth. The crust is the layer of rock that forms Earth's outer skin. The crust includes both dry land and the ocean floor. Mountains and rocks are the continental crust and the ground beneath the ocean is the oceanic crust. The crust is similar to the paper-thin skin of an onion.The crust is 5-70km thick. The density of the crust is 2.6-2.9g/cm. It is 870 ° C.The crust is made up of many diffrent minerals. The composition (what it's made of) is oxygen, silicon, aluminum, calcium, iron, sodium, potassium, and magnesium. Like most of the layers of earth, the crust is completely solid.
Presentation By:
Mia McBride