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Major Features: Imperfect

  • One of the geminate characters will drop in ALL forms
  • For those verbs with a sufformative, the lost character is represented by a Dagesh Forte

Type 1

Type 2

  • Stem vowel will shift from Holem to Patach (cf. II Gutt/III Heh/Ayin)
  • Preformative vowel will become Tsere
  • For most forms, Imperfect stem vowel (Holem) remains the same as strong paradigm
  • Vowel under preformative will be Qamets, or reduced to Shewa in twin forms (3fp/2fp)
  • Alternate type will predominatnly keep Hireq

Verbs with an identical second and third root consonant.

GEMINATE VERBS

REVIEW: Qal Perfect

Major Features:

  • The most common changes impact the 1st & 2nd person forms in two ways:
  • Geminate characters will assimilate, represented by a Dagesh Forte
  • A Holem-Waw will appear between the root and the sufformative
  • This will cause the Dagesh-Lene of our Taw endings to dissapear

Major Features:

Type 1

Type 2

  • Yod is preserved, but in form of Hireq-Yod
  • Holem stem vowel becomes Patach throghot paradigm
  • Initial Yod drops out
  • Preformative vowel shifts from Hireq to Tsere
  • Stem vowel shifts from Holem to Tsere; twin forms (3fp/2fp) will take Patach
  • The verb H-l-k ("to walk") will follow this pattern

I-Yod

I-Aleph

I-Nun

Elementary

Biblical

Hebrew

Trinity Western University

Dr. Andrew Perrin

Major Features:

Qal Imperfect Weak I

  • Initial Nun will assimilate with following character, represented by Dagesh Forte
  • Stem vowel will either remain Holem (type 1) or become Patach (type 2)
  • Verbal root l-k-h ("to take") will follow type 2 pattern

READING, RECOGNITION, AND TRANSLATING....

Gen 6:4

Major Features:

Ps 114:5

  • If root characters are both strong (i.e., not Gutturals)
  • All 3rd person forms take Qamets under first consonant
  • All 1st/2nd person forms take Patach under first consonant

  • For roots with a Guttural root consonant (e.g., Aleph) Qamets will be under first consonant of all forms
  • This will cause Dagesh Lene to disappear in Taw sufformatives

REVIEW: Qal Perfect

BICONSONANTAL

VERBS

Verbs based on roots of two consonants, often times called "hollow" because of their original medial waw/yod.

Major Features: Imperfect

  • Original medial Waw/Yod will show up in all forms (i.e., lexical form will be recognizable!)
  • May appear as: Hireq-Yod, Holem-Waw (Holem), or Shureq (Qibbuts)

  • Preformative vowel in most forms (except our twin 3fp/2fp at times)will be Qamets
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