Major Features: Imperfect
- One of the geminate characters will drop in ALL forms
- For those verbs with a sufformative, the lost character is represented by a Dagesh Forte
Type 1
Type 2
- Stem vowel will shift from Holem to Patach (cf. II Gutt/III Heh/Ayin)
- Preformative vowel will become Tsere
- For most forms, Imperfect stem vowel (Holem) remains the same as strong paradigm
- Vowel under preformative will be Qamets, or reduced to Shewa in twin forms (3fp/2fp)
- Alternate type will predominatnly keep Hireq
Verbs with an identical second and third root consonant.
GEMINATE VERBS
REVIEW: Qal Perfect
Major Features:
- The most common changes impact the 1st & 2nd person forms in two ways:
- Geminate characters will assimilate, represented by a Dagesh Forte
- A Holem-Waw will appear between the root and the sufformative
- This will cause the Dagesh-Lene of our Taw endings to dissapear
Major Features:
Type 1
Type 2
- Yod is preserved, but in form of Hireq-Yod
- Holem stem vowel becomes Patach throghot paradigm
- Initial Yod drops out
- Preformative vowel shifts from Hireq to Tsere
- Stem vowel shifts from Holem to Tsere; twin forms (3fp/2fp) will take Patach
- The verb H-l-k ("to walk") will follow this pattern
I-Yod
I-Aleph
I-Nun
Elementary
Biblical
Hebrew
Trinity Western University
Dr. Andrew Perrin
Major Features:
Qal Imperfect Weak I
- Initial Nun will assimilate with following character, represented by Dagesh Forte
- Stem vowel will either remain Holem (type 1) or become Patach (type 2)
- Verbal root l-k-h ("to take") will follow type 2 pattern
READING, RECOGNITION, AND TRANSLATING....
Gen 6:4
Major Features:
Ps 114:5
- If root characters are both strong (i.e., not Gutturals)
- All 3rd person forms take Qamets under first consonant
- All 1st/2nd person forms take Patach under first consonant
- For roots with a Guttural root consonant (e.g., Aleph) Qamets will be under first consonant of all forms
- This will cause Dagesh Lene to disappear in Taw sufformatives
REVIEW: Qal Perfect
BICONSONANTAL
VERBS
Verbs based on roots of two consonants, often times called "hollow" because of their original medial waw/yod.
Major Features: Imperfect
- Original medial Waw/Yod will show up in all forms (i.e., lexical form will be recognizable!)
- May appear as: Hireq-Yod, Holem-Waw (Holem), or Shureq (Qibbuts)
- Preformative vowel in most forms (except our twin 3fp/2fp at times)will be Qamets