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Ad hoc Wi-Fi:
An antenna, a radio and a very small computer running Wireless Receiver Transmitter (WRT) software.
WRT software is mostly based on Linux.
Linksys used Linux to build the WRT firmware for their WRT54G router. Because of open-source licensing they had to make the code publicly available.
Tier 1 is AT&T, Cogent, Level 3, etc.
Internet Exchange Point (IXP)
Three common Wi-Fi modes are-
Computer to computer
or router to router
Router software is now open-source. yay!
Let's add some mesh features to the ad hoc protocol-
Popular mesh protocol-
OLSR (Optimized Link State Routing)
Next-
BATMAN (better approach to mobile ad-hoc networking)
2 popular types of batman-
-BMX6 ad-hoc (BMX7 is being tested)
-Batman-adv: Not ad-hoc. It is a layer 2
protocol now part of Linux kernel
http://wndw.net/
http://goo.gl/PJQFjd
Our software
USA- small community meshes
Our reasons for building a mesh network-
Outside U.S.- huge meshes!
Guifi has ~30,000 active nodes!
two well-known examples-
Inspired by Guifi, NYC Mesh now uses-
No, not at the moment. Members share their Internet connections with neighbors and perhaps share their internet bill.
Eventually we hope to peer with other top tier providers so we can provide independent Internet service.
~25 nodes
Using Commotion/OLSR
We chose a BMX6/OpenWrt package- qMp.
qMp is used by Guifi and Freifunk. Well supported and scales.
Our images have tinc VPN which allows the nodes to securely connect and mesh over the internet. Isolated nodes can be still be on the mesh. Tinc is the scaffolding while we build the network.
Our download page has these images
https://nycmesh.net/download/
Spain: People hate Telefónica. Before Guifi there was no internet in the farmlands. Telefónica was the only ISP.
Germany: Very few Wi-Fi hotspots. Public hotspots are liable for everything users do online. Freifunk clubs formed with the goal of creating open Internet access for all. They bypass legal problems by tunneling through VPNs based in Sweden.
Developing Countries: Need a quickly deployed resilient network
Oppressive governments: alternate networks are needed
Why haven't we copied these large projects?
We have to get over this language barrier, find the successfully implemented ideas and copy them. Often the mail-lists accept English and are very helpful.
We must document everything we do here too!
https://github.com/nycmeshnet
1) Isn't it illegal to share your internet?
Short answer "No"
Long answer go to openwireless.org
It may be against your "terms of service" (who knows?)
Doing something against your TOS is not breaking the law.
2) Aren't open Wi-Fi networks dangerous?
No, sharing your Wi-Fi is
"basic politeness"
according to security expert
Bruce Schneier
https://goo.gl/b4MY4o
This is a myth perpetuated by
ISPs to stop you from sharing.
10 nodes
Using cjdns
Currently, you can use the mesh as a backup Internet connection. If you are within range of the mesh, your router will automatically use the fastest Internet connection. This means you will have a backup Internet connection if your own Internet connection fails.
NYC Mesh was started by Mark Blum in 2012 as part of the Hyperboria meshnet project using cjdns.
Cjdns is an experimental encrypted IPv6 protocol.
Others involved in starting NYC Mesh-
Peter Valdez, Kurt Snieckus
+ many small commercial WISPs
+ many others in Europe,South America and Africa
Node count doubles approximately every 3 months-
1) What is your company's revenue model?
We are not a company.
We have no revenue.
2) How many customers do you have?
We have no customers.
Everyone who buys a router is a member.
To join, fill in this form-
nycmesh.net/join
Get a router and download our software-
nycmesh.net/download
We make it easy!
You can also come to our meetups and we will do everything for you-
meetup.com/nycmesh
3) What if someone steals your ideas?
You are welcome to everything.
It is all open-source. Steal the license too.
TWC and Comcast are a duopoly. They agree to not
compete in the same regions
4) How is your team structured?
Alphabetically
Expanding across the country
Hopefully we make it easier to start networks in other places
40 red markers are active nodes, 170 gray markers are node requests
IRC chat
Panoramas for rooftop node requests:
Coney Island
chat.mesh
Adding servers to the mesh
ev.mesh
The mesh doesn't need servers.
Servers are to add functions like:
We currently have servers in Harlem, Bay Ridge, Williamsburg and the East Village.
These servers are only available on the mesh and do not need an Internet connection.
Greenwood
East Village
Sunset Park
DBA bar, East Village- Ubiquiti Nanobeam router
Let qMp do its setup first, then run our scripts
Created as an OpenWRT package
tinc VPN - Auto configure script (keys, conf)
HTTP POST script to upload public key
health scripts - check if tinc is running, bmx6 is using tap0, other bmx6 confs
Misc. NYC Mesh settings - SSID, Channel, Hostname, nodogsplash, firewall
Study shows that 90% of our communications happen in a small geographical area, that mimics administrative regions.
People still connect in “a geographically cohesive, connected set of communities”, according to the authors.
Why should you get involved?
Wouldn't it be better if we talked directly?
So why do we rely on these big corporate infrastructures to exchange messages with our neighbors?
"Delineating Geographical Regions with Networks of Human Interactions in an Extensive Set of Countries" by Stanislav Sobolevsky, Michael Szell, Riccardo Campari, Thomas Couronné, Zbigniew Smoreda, Carlo Ratti at Senseable City Laboratory, MIT
Sooner or later, you might have a whole city covered by this community owned network.
Imagine your home network...
Then start connecting with the building next door...
You could even split the cost of the Internet...
Why not extend it to your neighbor?
Why not extend this to the whole building...
So the building could have its own message board...
NYC Mesh is a tool run by volunteers and citizens.
Our goal is to reclaim our communication tools.
Communications should be free.
Join us.
Or still keep both, but have a backup one when
when one is going down...
Get in touch with your neighbor(s) and start talking about sharing the internet connection...
and maybe more...
How can I get involved?
If you like challenges...
Due to the fragility of the network, this is a special place for experimentation.
Services have to be truly distributed, redundant, easy to install and maintain.
If you run a community in NYC
(community garden, hacker/makerspace, local bar, library)
Consider providing internet with NYC Mesh and talk to your community about it.
(We can come and present the project to your members)
Come talk to us.
We have mesh routers already configured for you.
If you're a content creator, technologist, developer, web designer, think about the service you'd like to set up on the mesh.
We already have IRC (chat) and a wiki. There could be message boards, VOIP, a network of weather and air quality sensors, a pirate radio station, etc.
nycmesh.net
Decided to let qMp do its setup first, then run our scripts
tinc VPN - Auto configure script (keys, conf) / HTTP POST script to upload public key
health scripts - check if tinc is running, bmx6 is using tap0, other bmx6 confs
Misc. NYC Mesh settings - SSID, Channel, Hostname, nodogsplash, firewall
Nagios
Enabled NYC Mesh to add nodes that do not have line of sight
Self routing, encrypted mesh vpn
Using version 1.0 and 1.1pre11 in newer builds
Devices need at least 8MB of flash
Running bmx6, tinc and uhttpd (with https enabled) can be taxing on RAM / CPU
Some hardware doesn’t like tagged and untagged vlans on the same ethernet port
Made wired meshing difficult, fixed by using 802.1ad vlans
Let qMp do its setup first, then run our scripts
Created as an OpenWRT package
tinc VPN - Auto configure script (keys, conf)
HTTP POST script to upload public key
health scripts - check if tinc is running, bmx6 is using tap0, other bmx6 confs
Misc. NYC Mesh settings - SSID, Channel, Hostname, nodogsplash, firewall
Each node has a /24 from 10.0.0.0/8 (also a /64 ipv6, not used at the moment)
bmx6 tunnels all traffic via ipv6
Wondershaper for bandwidth limiting
Nodogsplash captive portal which can also be used to limit bandwidth per client
http://www.tinc-vpn.org/