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The French Invasion of Algeria: 1827-1830

Motivation to Invade Algeria - GENERAL INTEREST

  • France had continuous interest in the coast of the Mediterranean Sea, due to its own between Spain and Italy.
  • Algeria was the weakest state in North Africa, it had many small groups and many nomadic tribes, and this division caused it to become the first victim to French expansion in Maghreb.
  • France had interest in Algeria a long time before the actual invasion -- Napoleon had seen Algeria as an endless supply of resources for France.

Motivation to Invade Algeria - REASSERTION OF POWER

  • France lost most of its overseas empire in the Seven Years War (1756-1763) and the Napoleonic Wars (1790s-1815)
  • France suffered a major setback when it was defeated in the Franco -Prussian War.
  • France colonization was an attempt to rebuild lost power, not to build on already established power.

Motivation to Invade Algeria - IMMEDIATE

Works Cited

"French Algeria 1830-1962 - The Algerian Story." French Algeria 1830-1962 - The Algerian Story. Google Sites, n.d. Web. 08 Dec. 2015.

Lutsky, Vladimir Borisovich. "Modern History of the Arab Countries by Vladimir Borisovich Lutsky 1969." Modern History of the Arab Countries by Vladimir Borisovich Lutsky 1969. Progress Publishers, 1969. Web. 08 Dec. 2015.

Sessions, Jennifer E. By Sword and Plow: France and the Conquest of Algeria. Ithaca, NY: Cornell UP, 2011. Print.

"The French Invade Algiers: June 12, 1830." Global Events: Milestone Events Throughout History. Ed. Jennifer Stock. Vol. 1: Africa. Farmington Hills, MI: Gale, 2014. World History in Context. Web. 8 Dec. 2015.

  • France had been in debt to the government of Algiers due to economic setbacks resulting from the French Revolution and Napoleonic Wars and refused to pay back what they owed
  • frustrated by the French’s lack of payment, Dey Hussein of Algiers hit the French consul with a flyswatter
  • “Officially” the attack was started to avenge this insult and end piracy along the North African coast
  • Charles X thought an overseas victory would allow him to remain in power among the discontent of his people (he was ousted from power a few weeks after the invasion)

Invasion of Algiers

The French arrived in 1827

  • Algiers was sieged for three years
  • the French consul had a naval blockade in 1827 and declared war after a discussion of reimbursement
  • due to the ineffectiveness of this tactic, they invaded on June 12, 1830
  • Algiers was under French rule in three weeks

It took France three weeks to gain control of Algiers (after the direct invasion), and, in 1834, they captured all of Algeria

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