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push and pull factors

Pull Factors: reasons that attract a person to another country

- Jobs

- Better healthcare

- Peaceful life

- Good politics

- Suitable climate

- Family opportunities

Push Factors: reasons that would force someone to leave their home country

- War

- Lack of jobs

- Poverty

- Poor economic conditions

- Discrimination

- Persecution

population issues in canada

Baby Boomers:

After World War II had taken place, there was an increase in births and those people are called the baby boomers. Now that these baby boomers are aging, Canada is facing some issues that have to do with them. For starters, the dependency rate in Canada is going up since there are more people over the age of 65 than under the age of 15. A statistic shows that 72% of the boomers have a chronic disease so it is certain that there will need to be a significant increase in healthcare. There are some baby boomers that are delaying retirement and that could affect the working class. If there aren't any workers to take the place of these baby boomers, what will happen to the economy?

Immigration:

Immigration in Canada is becoming a much more widespread topic. It would be beneficial if Canada’s population spread out since most of it is near the US border. 7/10 immigrants settle in Toronto, Vancouver, and Montreal because of the opportunities those cities have to offer. In order for immigrants to spread out, there would have to be better jobs up north so that people are attracted to living there. These jobs can include mining. Immigrants that come to Canada may be well educated, would they want low paying jobs? If these immigrants are qualified for high end jobs, why are they being put into lower class jobs? Is this fair? This is one of the issues that needs a solid solution since it is a big issue. Immigrants are important, since they will make Canada much more diverse and Canada is known for its diversity.

"As the Canadian population gets older, we've got more and more retired people," Moffatt warns. "That puts pressure on the health system and pension system because there's a smaller cohort of working age people to support that."

Canadian ID:

Canada is very proud of its accomplishments regarding the diverse heritage that is present in Canada. Canada has no specific culture because it is made up of so many cultures. Multiculturalism has resulted in Canada losing a main type of culture throughout the country. Since Canada is so keen on diversity it makes others feel more accepted and comfortable in their own country which is exactly how it should be. It is hard to pinpoint a Canadian identity since Canada has been so diverse since the beginning. The good thing about Canada’s diversity is that when people come to this country, they won’t feel as if they have lost their culture.

diversity in canada

Canada is diverse. We are known for our multiculturalism and our want to accept everyone with open arms. There is no doubt that Canada is the home of the strong and brave. There is diversity present within every corner of this country. But how diverse is Canada coast to coast in terms of socially, economically and environmentally while still being sustainable?

("Shutterstock Official Logo")

Nunavut, Northwest, and Yukon

Northern canada

Landform Regions: Canadian Shield, Western Cordillera, Interior Plains and the Arctic Lowlands

Climate Regions: Arctic Climate Region

Social:

- There are not a lot of inhabitants in these areas

- Immigrants are not attracted to these areas due to lack of opportunities

Evironment:

- There is not much agriculture since the climate does not support it

- Very harsh climate

- Winter may last up to 10 months

- Small annual precipitation

- Only small plants and mosses can survive

Economic:

- There are not many industries present in these areas since the climate is not very suitable

- The Ekati Diamond Mine (named after the Tlicho word meaning ‘fat lake’) is Canada’s first surface and underground diamond mine. It officially began production in October 1998, following extensive exploration and development work dating back to 1981 (Ekati Diamond Mine, 2017)

("Common menu bar links", 2011)

british columbia

Quebec

Landform Region: Mainly Western Cordillera

Climate Region: Pacific Climate Region

Landform Region: Mainly in the Canadian Shield and Great Lakes - St. Lawrence Lowlands

Climate Region: Boreal and Taiga Climate Region

Facts:

Canada exported a record of $6.6 million in fish and seafood products in 2016. Fish and seafood are among one of Canada’s largest exports

Evironment:

- The BC is known for the the rocky mountains.

- They were formed during the Cenozoic Era and took shape when there was intense plate tectonic activity

- There is rich vegetation due to the heavy rainfall since it is in the Pacific Climate Region which receives lots of precipitation due to the close proximity it has with the Atlantic ocean

- Over fishing going on and there may not be enough freshwater for the fish

- The forestry industry is also well known in the BC even though there is an issue with clear cutting

Social:

- common spot for tourists

- lots of fishing

- immigrants coming to Canada for opportunities

Quebec is located mainly in the Canadian Shield and Great Lakes - St. Lawrence Lowlands. The Canadian Shield was created during the Precambrian Era. The Great Lakes - St. Lawrence Lowlands were formed during a process known as isostatic and the landform is made out of sedimentary rock. Quebec is a part of the Boreal and Taiga Climate region which not very suitable for agriculture. It is the largest province by size. Only about 1.5% of the population speaks English and 95% of the population is French speaking. An important industry in Quebec is hydroelectricity. To help put with this, there was a James Bay project that enabled hydroelectricity to be given to most of Quebec and it was very environmentally friendly.

The forest industry has reduced greenhouse emissions by 60% since 1990. Trees planted in BC have captured 2 billion tonnes of carbon

Economic:

- Fishing industry

- Agriculture industry

- Tourism

- 145 000 jobs are related to the forestry industry

- Potential jobs with immigrants due to industries doing well

("Rocky Mountains", 2017)

atlantic canada

Newfoundland, New Brunswick, Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island

Landform Regions: Canadian Shield and Appalachian Regions

Climate Regions: Westcoast climate region

The Appalachians were formed because of plates colliding which folded. The main activities in these places are biking, camping, hiking, sight seeing and canoeing. The main industries in these areas are mining, forestry, and agriculture. The climate region has mild winter temperatures, very heavy rainfall, cool, damp winters, typical marine climate, lots of precipitation due to air movement over coastal areas, Pacific ocean and Alaska moderates west coast climates and there are lots of plants. In Newfoundland, there was the proposal of a project names Hibernia which was mainly oil reserves. However, there were many environmental issues starting to take place. (Hibernia, Canada, 2017)

("Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada – Official Tourism Website")

Alberta

Landform Region: Interior Plains

Climate Region: Boreal Climate Region

("Study in Alberta")

Saskatchewan & manitoba

Landform Regions: Interior Plains & Canadian Shield

Climate Regions: Prairie & Southeastern Climate Region

Alberta is mainly located in the Interior Plains which was originally covered in shallow seas and it was created when sediments were deposited into these seas. The landform is made up of sedimentary, igneous and metamorphic rock. It is part of the Boreal Climate region. There is a lot of agriculture which supports the industry and allows new immigrants to have potential jobs. The economy and the citizens are benefitting from the industries since there is money coming in and people are getting the goods they need. There are many oil spills that happen which most definitely affect the environment. Also, there are some chemicals and pesticides used in agriculture which may harm animals and eventually affect humans. An important project that was done in Alberta is the Mackenzie Valley Pipeline. It was for the transport of gas and oil from the Atlantic Ocean to Alberta. (Marsh, 2006)

Social:

- There is lots of pollution being created from passing vehicles

- Possible job opportunities

Economic:

- The main industries in these areas are agriculture, forests, manufacturing, oil and gas industries

Environment:

- The Interior Plains were created from deposited sediments and the Canadian Shield was formed by a combination of plate tectonics and volcanic rock and it includes igneous and metamorphic rock

- The climate region in these provinces is the Prairie and Southeastern Climate Region

- This allows for a perfect temperature to grow crops

- Lots of pollution due to these factories and greenhouse emissions being released into the air, there is an issue with clear cutting forests and pesticide use with agriculture.

ontario

Landform Region: Canadian Shield, Hudson Bay - Arctic Lowlands, Great Lakes - St. Lawrence Lowlands

Climate Region: Southern Climate Region

Social:

- This province has the highest immigration rate and the highest population from the provinces

- This is due to the fact that there are lots of industries and job opportunities in Ontario

- There are so many chances to be able to show others your full potential

Environment:

- Contains about 1/5 of the world's fresh water which may be at risk due to environmental issues increasing

- There can be some vegetation but not for all types of crops since the winters are very cold and they last up to 6 months. There is precipitation through convection and the growing season is fairly short

Economic:

- Many job opportunities because of the variety of industries

("Settle in Canada ", 2017)

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