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The Nitty Gritty
Personnel
- Nurses were very important to hospital life. They changed sheets, gave meals, and tended to the patients.
- Doctors performed operations such as amputations and health checks. Their tools were limited, so they relied on seeing the patient's symptoms to make a diagnosis.
- Physicians were educators. They would often perform dissections and lecture to medical students.
- Private hospitals were run by monks and nuns.
- Public hospitals were run by the doctors, nurses, and the Board of Directors.
Sanitation
- Wiped off tools with a towel
- Wanted to avoid rusting tools
- Mixed blood
- No knowledge of germs
Hospitalization
- Hospitals were places to avoid. Many hospitals required the patient to pay a base fee of $500. This would be used to cover burial costs in case the patient died.
- Upon arrival, patients were given a chance of clothes. This usually consisted of a nightgown and lace stockings.
- There were three meals a day; however, the patient's family had to supply things like tea, sugar, and butter.
- Visitors were heavily regulated.
Anesthesia
- They would use Opium, herbs and plants.
- Alcoholic beverages such as wine, have been used to induce numbness.
- The "Soporific sponge" (Sleep sponge) was soaked in a dissolved solution of opium, mandragora, hemlock juice, and other substances. the sponge then was dried and store, just before surgery it would be moistened and held over the patients nose, the fumes rendered the patient unconscious.
Facts:
Medications
- Mixed cocaine with other antibiotics to make the pain subside quicker
- Toothbrushes arrived in Europe via China
- In 1628 William Harrey published his discovery of how blood circulates around the body
- Santorio invented medical thermometer
- A vaccine against cowpox was invented
- Alcohol was widely use to numb the patients
The Basics
Early 1700's Medicine
CITATIONS
Surgery
- http://www.ehow.com/info_8119942_1700s-medical-instruments.html
- http://www.archives.upenn.edu/histy/features/1700s/medsch.html
- http://membres.multimania.fr/kulenav/1700s-in-late-medicine.html
- http://io9.com/5839028/the-horrifically-bleak-medical-philosophy-of-the-1700s
- http://prezi.com/vonjrmt3qsmj/medicine-in-the-1700s/
- Little medicine was available. So, many surgeries resulted in death.
- Surgeons would practice on dead people
- Stitches weren't performed, surgeons would just let the cut or wound heal on its own ( Lead to infections)
- When people got cancer, surgeons would cut the entire body body part off to prevent further spread.
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