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Surface Tension Transport of Prey by Feeding Shorebirds: The Capillary Ratchet

Adaptions

Adaption in order to get food

Thorny Devil

dinosaurs?

Alien?!

Future

Analogous mechanisms for transport in microfluidic systems are currently being explored

  • PCR
  • Micro array
  • Proteomics
  • BIO-Smoke Alarm

The closest to dinosaurs we have to day is actual the birds

Straining

Tearing

Cracking

Sipping

http://video.sciencemag.org/VideoLab/54350018001/1/ecology

From the beak tip to the apex.

The mechanic beak had a minimum of three cycles similar to the red-necked phalarope but Wilson's phalaropes are less efficient and need seven to eight cycles.This observation may yield a insight into the birds degree of adaptation.

SO

HOW IS IT GETTING ITS PREY DOWN THE THROAT?

Surface tension transport relies explicitly on the bird opening and closing its beak and so varying the beak opening angle

With water it is different

Experiment with Silicone Oil

In our system, water droplets on stainless steel beaks have an advancing angle θa ∼ 65° and receding angle θr ∼ 20° that are comparable to those of water droplets on keratin

experimental study

Orange oil moves spontaneously between two non parallel glass

  • a1 = 1.9° (blue triangles)
  • a2 = 2.8° (red circles)
  • a3 = 4.2° (green squares)

Hauksbee

The capillary Ratchet

surface tension physics

Mechanic Bird beak

Forces to get the food down

Stage 1

bird beak model

First the bird will swim in circles creating a vortex that draws underlying fluid and suspended prey toward the surface.

! Fun fact

They can actualy get the water surface to get to 1.5 Hz.

The bird didn't lift its head to swallow

GRAVITY?!

Opposing

  • gravity

In favor:

  • Surface tension
  • Rotary motion in one direction

The continuing motion of the droplet is resisted by contact-angle from prehistoric contact on the surface

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