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REM Sleep Characteristics

REM sleep is the part of sleep that most resembles wakefulness. The brain can even be more active during REM sleep than when awake.

When Does it Become a Problem?

-Body temperature falls

-Increase in breathing rate

-Increase in blood pressure

-Increase in heart rate

-Intense dreaming

-Temporary paralysis

Paralysis is thought to be the body's way of preventing you from acting on dreams as you sleep.

All of these characteristics are a normal part of sleep, but when they occur outside of REM sleep this can become a frightening experience. When the mind is awake in this state your dreams can become hallucinations.

Statistics

Causes

The most common hallucinations people have experienced are alien abductions, dark figures, demon-like creatures, and out-of-body-experiences.

People who have narcolepsy or other sleep disorders are more likely to experience sleep paralysis, but isolated episodes are still common for healthy sleepers.

-A 2011 study by Pennsylvania State University found that between 7 and 8 percent of people in the U.S. have experienced this phenomenon.

-Sleep paralysis is more common for students, and 28.3% of students have experienced it.

-31.9% of psychiatric patients have experienced an episode in their life.

Sleep Cycles

Other triggers include people with:

-depression

-anxiety

-irregular sleep schedules

-sleep deprivation

Baland Jalal, a neuroscientist at Cambridge University,theorizes out-of-body experiences are a result of the part of the brain that produces our "body image" (the temporoparietal junction) being turned off during REM sleep.

Using electroencephalograms (EEGs), a tool that records brain wave activity, researchers discovered the brain is exceptionally active while sleeping.

The two main stages of sleep are rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep and non-rapid-eye-movement (NREM) sleep.

This EEG shows brain activity during the different stages of sleep. As you can see, REM sleep resembles wakefulness.

These two stages alternate in a regular pattern throughout the night.

What is Sleep Paralysis?

You may have heard of it, but do you really know what sleep paralysis is?

Works Cited

Sleep paralysis is a sleep disorder in which the body experiences the paralysis and dreaming associated with REM sleep, while the mind is awake.

https://www.thriveglobal.com/stories/12401-the-neuroscience-of-sleep-paralysis

http://healthysleep.med.harvard.edu/healthy/science/what/sleep-patterns-rem-nrem

https://www.livescience.com/56778-kendall-jenner-sleep-paralysis.html

https://www.livescience.com/50876-sleep-paralysis.html

The Science Behind Sleep Paralysis

by: Madelin Knotts, Shyann Harvin, and Haylee Wren

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