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Tourette Syndrome

Diagnostic criteria for Tourette syndrome (DSM-5 307.23) are as follows:

What is Tourette Syndrome ?

George Gilles de la Tourette

  • At least one Vocal Tics and multiple motor tics must be present for at least a year.
  • Symptoms usually onset between the ages 2 and 18 years old
  • The disturbance is not due to the direct physiologic effects of a substance or a general medical condition

1825- The first case of Tourettes Syndrome was diagnosed by French physician and neurologist

What is Tourette Syndrome?

Tourette syndrome (TS) is a disorder that affects the brain and nervous system by causing tics , sudden, repetitive movements or sounds that some people make, seemingly without realizing it.

Motor Tics

Complex Tics

Simple Tics

  • eye blinking
  • squinting
  • head jerking
  • lip smacking
  • leg jerking
  • nose twitching
  • mouth opening
  • hitting self or others
  • kicking
  • foot tapping
  • jumping
  • pulling at clothes
  • scratching
  • shaking

Vocal Tics

  • humming
  • clearing the throat
  • yelling out a word or phrase
  • barking
  • moaning
  • squealing

Thank you for Listening !

References

  • https://www.tourette.org/about-tourette/overview/what-is-tourette/
  • https://www.webmd.com/brain/tourettes-syndrome#1
  • https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/tourette-syndrome/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20350470

THE END !

Tourettes Syndrome continuation ...

Medication

Medication is used to reduce or control symptoms of the condition .The medications used blocks or lessens dopamine .

Psychological Therapies

  • Cognitive behavioral Therapy -A therapy focused on modifying negative thoughts , behaviors and emotional responses associated with psychological distress.
  • Habit reversal - One of the most studied behavioral interventions for people with tics. It has two main parts: awareness training and competing response training. In the awareness training part, people identify each tic out loud. In the competing response part, people learn to do a new behavior that cannot happen at the same time as the tic.

Treatment

treatment consist of medication and psychological therapies

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