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Unit VI, Part C: The Ohio Revised Code
ORC Break Down
What is the Ohio Revised Code?
Ohio Revised Code/O.R.C. consists of 32 odd
numbered titles (books), numbered 1-63.
Each title is subdivided into various chapters,
which are further subdivided into sections.
The topics covered by include state & local
governmental powers and prohibited activities.
Since we will be focusing on local government in
the section, this presentation will focus on state government & laws.
ORC’s website…
http://codes.ohio.gov/orc/
Statute- A law enacted by the legislative
branch of a government.
The Ohio Constitution contains the
guidelines for Ohio’s government to work and various rights possessed by Ohio’s citizens.
All of the laws created by Ohio’s General
Assembly, however, are listed in the…
Ohio Revised Code- (O.R.C.) A list of the
current statutes of the Ohio General Assembly of a permanent & general nature, consolidated into provisions, titles, chapters & sections.
Title: XXXII (32): Education
Title XXIX (29): Crime
Much, if not most, of Title XXXIII deals with special
schools that did not exist until the late 20th Century.
Community Schools- A.K.A. charter schools,
permitted by O.R.C. 3314.01, tax-payer funded schools that exist outside of local school districts BUT are run as businesses for profit.
Community/charter schools DO NOT have an
elected school board & a superintendent hired by that board…they have a governing authority (group that run a school w/out public oversight.)
Discussion Point- Can we have a democracy if our
schools are not run democratically? Explain.
O.R.C. spells out numerous crimes in Title 29. Some terms,
crimes & explanations for both include…
Misdemeanor- Criminal offenses lower than felonies and
generally those punishable by fine, penalty, forfeiture, or imprisonment other than in a state penitentiary (prison) of less than a year…Ohio has Levels 1-4 & Minor categories.
Felony- Serious criminal offenses punishable by
incarceration of more than 1 year in prison & in some cases life in prison w/out parole & even execution.
Statute of Limitations- A law which sets the maximum
period which one can wait before filing a lawsuit, depending on the type of case or claim.
(a) For a felony, six years; (b) For a misdemeanor other than
a minor misdemeanor, two years, (c) For a minor misdemeanor, six months.
Title XXIX: Crime, Cont.
Title XLIII (43): Liquor
Liquor Control Commission- 3 member group set
up by O.R.C. carry out state liquor/alcohol laws, develop the policies to carry out those laws, & enforce those laws.
According to O.R.C. 4301.22,
“no beer or intoxicating liquor shall be sold to any person under twenty-one years of age” & “no sales of intoxicating liquor shall be made after two-thirty a.m. on Sunday.”
Blue Laws- Government prohibiting alcohol sales on
Sunday.
Discussion Point- Do Ohio’s Blue Laws violate the 1st
Amendment? Explain.
Murder/Homicide- The
unlawful killing of another human being with malice aforethought (planned in advance.)
Manslaughter- Term for the killing of a
human being, in a manner considered by law as less culpable than murder…voluntary manslaughter (intentional but w/out malice) and involuntary manslaughter (unintentional & w/out malice…used often in traffic deaths.)
title XXXI (31): Domestic Relations, Children
Title LVII (57): Taxes
According to O.R.C. 3113.31,
Domestic Violence- Attempting to cause bodily injury,
threatening force & causing fear of imminent serious physical harm, or committing a sexually oriented offense against a “family or household member.”
Child Neglect- When a parent or legal guardian’s
actions lead to physical and/or mental harm being inflicted on a child.
O.R.C. 2151.421- Ohio state law stating professionals,
including teachers, must report suspected child abuse to local law enforcement.
Discussion Point- Does O.R.C. 2151.421 violate parental
rights? Explain.
Income Tax- Established & defined by O.R.C.
Chapter 5747, a percentage of a citizen’s income that the state forces a citizen to pay the state…major source of funding for Ohio’s State Government, ranges between .5 & 5.3 %.
Progressive Income Tax- A tax on a person’s
income that increases in rate as income level grows.
Other forms of taxation authorized in Title 57of
O.R.C include a) estate tax (fee paid on inherited property), b) fuel tax, c) cigarette & liquor taxes, d) corporate tax.