The Peaceful Transition of Power from the UK to the US throu

The Peaceful Transition of Power from the UK to the US through the

Constructivism Theory

CONCLUSION

Shift in power is a shift in identities.

Benign interaction - Construction of identities

Type of association which had never existed

before

A. E. Campbell, “Great Britain and the United States:” 1895–1903

(London: Longman, 1960), p.124.

A.F.K. Organski, World Politics, 2nd Edition (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. 1968),

pp. 363–77.

Aaron Friedberg, “The Weary Titan: Britain and the Experience of Relative Decline”,

1895–1905 (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1988), p.168

Alexander Wendt, “Social Theory of International Politics” (Cambridge: Cambridge

University Press, 1999), p.224.

B.R. Schlenker and M.F. Weigold, “Goals and the Self-identification Process:

Constructing Desired Identity, in Concepts in Personality and Social Psychology”

(Hillsdale: Erlbaum, 1989), p.245.

Bradford Perkins, “The Great Rapprochement: England and the United States”, 1895–

1914, (New York: Atheneum, 1968), p.165.

Charles S. Champbell, Jr., “The Transformation of American Foreign Relations”, 1865–

1900 (New York, 1968), p.213, inferred from Yang Shengmao, ed., History of

American Diplomatic Policy, p.198.

Christopher Layne, “Kant of Cant: The Myth of the Democratic Peace”, International

Security, Vol. 19, No. 2 (Fall 1994).

E.H. Erikeson, Identity, Youth and Crisis (New York: Norton, 1968), p.17.

Edward H. Carr, “The Twenty Years Crisis, 1919–1939 “(New York: Harper and Row,

1964), pp. 208–23.

George Modelski “Long Cycles in World Politics’’ (MacMillan, 1987)

Joseph Nye, “Understanding International Conflicts”, p.97

Kenneth Bourne, “The Balance of Power in North America”, 1815–1908 (Berkeley:

University of California Press, 1967), pp. 340–1

Michael Doyle, “Kant, Liberal Legacies, and Foreign Affairs”, Part I, Philosophy and

Public Affairs, Vol. 12, No. 3 (Summer 1983), pp. 205–35

Michael Doyle, “Liberalism and World Politics,” American Political Science Review,

Vol. 80, No. 4 (1986), pp. 1151–69

Paul Kennedy, “The Realities Behind Diplomacy: Background Influences on British

External Policy,1865–1980 (London: George Allen & Unwin, 1981), pp.107–9

Paul M. Kennedy, “The Rise and Fall of the Great Powers: Economic Change and

Military Conflict from 1500 to 2000” (New York: Random House, 1987).

Peter Berger, “Identity as a problem in the Sociology of Knowledge,” European Journal

of Sociology, Vol. 7, No. 1 (1996), p.111, inferred from Alexander Wendt,

“Anarchy is What States Make of It: the Social Construction of Power Politics,”

International Organization, Vol. 46, No. 2 (1992), pp. 397–8.

R.G. Neale, “Great Britain and United States Expansion”:1898–1900 (East Lansing, MI:

Michigan State University Press, 1966)

Robert Mowat, “The Diplomatic Relations of Great Britain and the United States”

(London: 1925), p.206, inferred from Yang Shengmao, ed., History of

American Diplomatic Policy, p.172.

Stephen R. Rock, “Why Peace Breaks Out: Great Power Rapprochement in Historical

Perspective” (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1989), pp. 35–7.

Rising challenger - declining champion

The world's largest economy

NO to war of supremacy

Power transfer and constructivism theory

Constructivism

"International politics is shaped by persuasive ideas, collective

values, culture, and social identities."

International reality is socially constructed

CONSTRUCTIVISM VS OTHER THEORIES

Constructivism

Realism theory

Liberalism theory

‘democratic peace theory’

‘balance of threats’

‘balance of power’

‘identity’ ‘interaction ’ ‘structure/culture ’

Power Transition Theory

Overtaking at the top of international system

Willingness

Power transition peace

SPECIAL RELATIONS

Winston Churchill '' Iron Curtain '' speech

Obstacle course

Dominant international system.

Professor: Syuzanna Vasilyan

Student: Ani Mkhoyan

INTRODUCTION

POWER TRANSITION THEORY

SPECIAL RELATIONS

CONSTRUCTIVISM VS OTHER THEORIES

CONCLUSION

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