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4th Century B.C.

Aristotle

A greek philosopher, named Aristotle was one of the first men to propose the idea of the solar system being Geocentric. Geocentric means that Earth was the center of the universe and the center of all things. His model showed that the moon, planets, sun and stars were placed on circles surrounding the Earth. He believed that the Earth went around the sun then the stars' placement would change as Earth moved. This concept is called parallax. Parallax is the shift of an object when it is seen from different areas.

2nd Century B.C

Aristarchus

A greek astronomer and mathematician, named Aristarchus, proposed the Heliocentric idea for his solar system model. The Heliocentric model proposes that the sun was at that the center and the Earth and the other planets moved around it in a circular fashion. The stars in his model were motionless and they appeared to be moving, because the Earth rotates on its own axis. He made a great contribution to science by trying to measure the distances to the moon and sun.

1st Century A.D.

Ptolemy

Ptolemy was an astronomer, geographer, and mathematician. The Ptolemaic model was also a variation of the Geocentric model which he concluded that a celestial body traveled at a constant speed in an absolute circle. The model also stated that the planets moved on small circles which then moved on larger circles. The stars, moved on a celestial sphere around the outside of the planetary spheres.

13th Century A.D.

Copernicus

Copernicus was a Polish Astronomer, who thought Ptolemy's model was way too complicated. Even though, he thought this, he still adopted his idea, because he thought that the planet "wheels on wheels" was a good idea which says that the planetary paths are perfect circles. The heliocentric model states that the planets revolve around the sun, while the sun stays stationary. His model made sense, because the sun gives light and heat to all other planets. Copernicus's Model was similar, but his observations were better than Ptolemy's observations.

15th Century A.D.

Kepler

A German mathematician and astronomer named Kepler was smart. He invented, three principles. The first principle is that planetary orbits are ellipses, not perfectly circular like previously thought, with the sun at one focus. The second principle, is planets move faster in the orbits when they are closer to the sun. The third principle depicts the distance of a planet from the sun which is the equivalent to the time it takes to go once around its orbit.

16th Century A.D.

Galileo

A mathematician and an astronomer, Galileo, made many changes to the telescope. He also created a more powerful telescope that he used to view celestial objects, naturally occurring physical entities, associations or structures. Galileo discovered that all things fall at the same rate despite how much it weights. He also revealed that objects that keep their velocity unless an unbalanced force acts upon them. The Galileo spacecraft was the first to orbit to Jupiter. He is the #1 reason why we have telescopes and the knowledge about space that we do today!

Historical Models of the Solar System:

What is the Center of the Solar System?

Geocentric

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aristotle

Solar System Model

Three principles

http://kepler.nasa.gov/Mission/JohannesKepler/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ptolemy_I_Soter

Solar System Model

http://www.themcclungs.net/astronomy/people/ptolemy.html

http://people.physics.carleton.ca/~watson/Physics/NSCI1000/Pseudo-science/Copernicus_vs_Ptolemy.html

http://www.redorbit.com/media/uploads/2004/10/8_d7f84ec36dbfda23aff1a01e00a4b5e62.jpg

The

End

Telescope

Heliocentric

Solar System Model

http://www.nndb.com/people/756/000096468/

Detailed Heliocentric

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galileo_Galilei#Technology

http://www.studentpulse.com/articles/533/copernicus-galileo-and-the-church-science-in-a-religious-world

Solar System Model

http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2009/08/photogalleries/galileos-telescope-pictures-anniversary/

http://mathsforeurope.digibel.be/Copernicus.htm

http://books.mcgrawhill.com/EST10/site/spotlight/galileo/10_GalileoSpacecraft.jpg

http://people.physics.carleton.ca/~watson/Physics/HUMS4100/4100_Astronomy/HUMS4100_Astro_History.html

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