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The San People of South Africa (Bushmen)

Who are the Bushmen?

What was the conflict the San People faced?

What changed for the San People?

The word 'Bushman' comes from the Dutch word 'bossieman' which means 'outlaw' or bandit'. The earliest records of the San People were dated to be around 25 000 years ago. The Bushmen were scattered in the Southern territories of Africa in Botswana, Namibia, Angola, Zambia, Zimbabwe, Lesotho, & South Africa. Their grouping were small kinship's/bands, and those bands were determined by where they were situated in South Africa.

The first time the Bushmen came into contact with an imperialist group was in 1488. A Portuguese explorer, by the name of Bartholomew Dias was looking for land and resources. The small tribes of the San People were the idealistic people to attack. The Bushmen were not people with strong weapons. They were armed with wooden bows and arrows that they had made themselves, where as the Portuguese had metal armor and weaponry. Not only were their weapons useless to fight the Portuguese, but they were completely out numbered. The Bushmen also had no Idea they were going to be faced with this sort of opposition.

Things were very hard for the Bushmen, but they still kept their way of life. They had to restart again from the bottom. They had no cattle, no food, no homes, and no other resources. The San people worked very hard, and that hard work payed off. They eventually were able to settle down again and keep the same practices as they had before. They did everything in their power to keep their culture the same as it was before the Portuguese came to their land. This is an example of marginalization, which is to make powerless.

The San Peoples Government

The Bushmen did not have a specific form of government. Decisions were made by talking to one another and coming to a consensus.

San People Today

What kind of conflicts did the Portuguese bring?

Their Religion

Animals are very important in their culture. So when an animal dies the people gather. The death of that animal opens up a portal, led by the "Shaman", to the spiritual world and with that new opening it is believed that the spirits are able to heal people and protect them from sickness' and evil.

Sources:

http://www.san.org.za/history.php

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/San_people

The Bushmen tribes are still together today. They live in a similar fashion to their ancestors. Similar homes, food, and beliefs and the children still don't go to school. They do now face the negatives of discrimination from the other people close to where they live and some work as servants or have other "modern-like" jobs. Even after the Portuguese they were able to keep much of their pre-existing culture

https://www.google.ca/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0ahUKEwiW3J3F6YnMAhULxmMKHRYjB10QjRwIBw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fallafrica.com%2Fview%2Fgroup%2Fmain%2Fmain%2Fid%2F00022339.html&bvm=bv.119408272,d.cGc&psig=AFQjCNHEbJk9InQRGsqmQPwlU9xVL69GVA&ust=1460575395701505

https://www.google.ca/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0ahUKEwispNC8wIrMAhVRxWMKHcopCjQQjRwIBw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fm.timeslive.co.za%2Fthetimes%2F%3FarticleId%3D9178923&psig=AFQjCNFiI7kPjB15Ws3Di9YC_9_9cNLNpQ&ust=1460598521674870

https://www.google.ca/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&ved=0ahUKEwiV29u7rIfMAhVV6mMKHd2QC3YQjRwIBw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.johanjoostephotography.com%2Fbushmen--san-people.html&psig=AFQjCNHVYBgDA1l5RG9Ymy1UCm3gxvpgug&ust=1460490193724232

The Portuguese came and took everything from the San People. The army came, stole, and killed. A few Bushmen survived, but no where near the amount of deaths that took place. To the Portuguese the Bushmen were not viewed as actual people with rights. They wanted to be more powerful and to expand, so they would do anything to achieve just that. There was no positive outcomes for the San People, their way of life was taken from them. The few survivors from the Bushmen tried to rebuild their culture, but that took some time.

https://www.google.ca/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwib9d3h14rMAhUH1WMKHXQvAFEQjRwIBw&url=http%3A%2F%2Fthegoodholiday.com%2Fjuhoan-san-people%2F&psig=AFQjCNEQndnYp9YSlu28f8amkTHI8KnRrA&ust=1460604989442007

http://thesanbushmen.blogspot.ca/2011/11/san-religion.html

They were are a simple people with laid back life styles. Family and happiness were the elements by which their culture revolved around. They laughed, danced, and sang as tribes. The children's one and only chore was to play. The women gathered food and took care of their families, and they were extremely respected among the people. Men were expected to do the hunting as well as helping in making decisions. The San people shared their resources and what they had, so money wasn't an important thing to posses, as it was useless. They mostly fed off of nuts, roots, fruit, and the occasional antelope. They lived in homes they made out of wood

http://www.survivalinternational.org/tribes/bushmen

http://www.san.org.za/history.php

https://www.culturalsurvival.org/publications/cultural-survival-quarterly/botswana/foragers-first-peoples-kalahari-san-today

https://www.google.ca/url?sa=i&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=images&cd=&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0ahUKEwiStpyN5orMAhVL-mMKHQmvDCMQjRwIBw&url=https%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FSan_people&psig=AFQjCNFiI7kPjB15Ws3Di9YC_9_9cNLNpQ&ust=1460598521674870

Benefits of the Foreign Contact

As it is pretty obvious to see, the people who benefited from this attack were indeed the Portuguese. They got what they came to get and were pleased with their new workers and resources. The San People today still live in South Africa so they were not completely successful with the total domination. Though, this attack was still not easy for the Bushmen and there were not any benefits or perks they received from it. They had lost what the Portuguese had gained.

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