Criminology in the Future

Social policy implication

Future directions of crime fighting

The most important issue when setting crime policies for the future is the safety of law abiding citizens.

The largest social issue of the future will be the Internet and how it fits into crime and the policies.

New laws of the future will need to fit the new crimes without infriging on peoples rights.

The future of crime fighting needs to be mindful

of individuals rights.

Things to be considered in the future of crime fighting.

It will take more expertise to pave the direction of future crime fighting.

The Police Futurists International (PFI), joined the FBI in 2002, to create the Future Working Group (FWG).

(Schmalleger,2012, p. 422)

Forensic Technologies of

Civil liberty or ethical violations

Fingerprints

Evolving law enforcement

The current method of fingerprinting involves

coating the marked surface with a watery suspension of gold nanoparticles

The downfall to using the gold compound

unstable and difficult to reproduce

Nanotechnology fingerprinting

use of silver as a developer

results in higher quality prints within just three minutes

Gold nanoparticles contain

long chains of hydrocarbon

suspended in petrol ether

attach themselves to the residue left behind by fingerprints

(Chapman, 2007).

DNA Fingerprinting

Storing DNA samples on file from people who have neither been charged nor convicted

Process is hard to explain to jurors

Jurors have unrealistic expectations of forensic science

Ethical or social profiling from DNA

May cause future prejudices against people with specific DNA markers

Fingerprinting

High ethical standards for collection, analysis, and storage

The ethical code for IAI includes dedication

effective analysis

professional responsibility

Ethical actions in the interest of justice and the enhancement of the profession.

DNA Fingerprinting

DNA technology is valuable in forensic science and criminal justice

DNA is the more reliable and precise method of identification

Short tandem repeats

human genome that have short sequences are repeated many times; the length and sequence of these repeats are individual to each person

DOJ Fingerprint ACT

Amendments include

collection of DNA from individuals’ arrested, tried, convicted, or illegal immigrants who are detained. The collection of DNA is limited to individuals who also submit to fingerprinting.

Agencies collecting DNA samples must forward them to the Federal Bureau of Investigations for purposes of analysis and to be entered into the Combined DNA Index System

Comparison can tell if two samples of DNA are from two different offenders or the same one

Many people fear that the government could easily obtain sensitive records under rights granted to them by the Patriot Act, thereby denying people their right to privacy.

(Brennan, 2013).

(CIS, 2006).

(DOJ, 2008).

Criminology and the future

Team A - Rev. Jason J. White & Cher Nelson

Overview

• Future directions of crime fighting
• Social policy implication
• Specific crime-fighting methodologies
• Evolving law enforcement
• Forensic technologies used to detect criminal activities
• Possible civil liberty or ethical violations

Recap

• Future directions of crime fighting
• Social policy implication
• Specific crime-fighting methodologies
• Evolving law enforcement
• Forensic technologies used to detect criminal activities
• Possible civil liberty or ethical violations

Questions

Reference

Brennan, J. (2013). DNA technology in forensics & ethics. Retrieved from http://www.ehow.com/about_6573758_dna-technology-forensics-ethics.html

Chapman, V. (2007, March 12). Fingerprints revealed by nanotechnology. Retrieved from http://www.rsc.org/Publishing/ChemScience/Volume/2007/04/Fingerprint_nanotechnology.asp

Department of Justice (DOJ). (2008, April 18). DNA-sample collection Under the DNA Fingerprint Act of 2005 and the Adam Walsh Child Protection and Safety Act of 2006 (Document No. FR 34-08). Retrieved from

http://www.uscis.gov/ilink/docView/FR/HTML/FR/0-0-0-1/0-0-0-145991/0-0-0-151304/0-0-0-155091.html

The Center for Internet and Society (CIS). (2006, February 20). Privacy, mandatory fingerprinting, and the Patriot Act. Retrieved from http://cyberlaw.stanford.edu/blogs/archives003803.shtml