History
Classical music is a term used to describe a Western European tradition of music. This genre is made up of periods of music which overlap through history. These periods of music are shown in the following diagram, built using facts taken from the referenced article from Newworldencyclopedia.org, with information having been checked by experts in the subject.
Medieval - Consisted of Gregorian Chant and developed into Polyphonic Chant toward the renaissance years.
Renaissance - brought the use of instrumentation, multiple melodic lines and the use of bass.
Baroque - saw the popularity of keyboard music and the use of complex tonal counterpoint.
Classical - the piano became the predominant keyboard instrument. Composition, presentation and style where established as the standard moving forward.
Romantic - music expanded and institutions were created for teaching, performing and preservation of musical works. Melody and rhythm where further developed.
Modern - brought an extension of theory and technique.
Contemporary - describes classical music composed in the current period, which benefits from entire timeline.
(classical music 2012)
Instruments
BRASS FAMILY
Trumpet
Horn
Trombone
Tuba
STRING FAMILY
Violin
Viola
Cello
Bass
KEYBOARDS & HARP
Celesta
Piano
Harpsichord
Organ
Synthesizer
Harp
WOODWIND FAMILY
Flute
Piccolo
Oboe
English horn
Clarinet
Saxophones
(classical music 2012)
Musicians
Song from the Classical Genre
Johann Sebastian Bach: 1685 – 1750
'The Marriage of Figaro' Mozart
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart: 1756 – 1791
Bach was taught in childhood by both his father and brother and had a passion for music. He was a boy soprano but from 1703 he began playing instruments, including violin and organ, which he performed and taught through his life. Some of his best known work includes St. Matthew Passion and St. John Passion. (Johann Sebastian Bach 2012)
Mozart was taught at a very young age by his father and was composing music before he was five. By the age of 13 he had written a large variety of music pieces including concertos, sonatas and an opera in 1769. Some of his best know works include The Marriage of Figaro, Symphony No. 40 and The Magic Flute. (Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart 2012)
Born in Bonn, Germany he learned music from both his musician father and local musicians. He studied further in Vienna with well recognised composers of the era and established himself with a reputation as a piano virtuoso. Some of his best know works include Symphony No.5 and Symphony No.9. (Ludwig van Beethoven 2012)
Ludwig van Beethoven: 1770–1827
Sourced on the Classical Music Only channel via YouTube.com, a channel sharing classical music with over 85,000 subscribers.
(Classical Music Only 2008)
(Questia.com 2013)
POP
TRILHA SONORA
ELETRONIC
History
The genre of Hip-Hop originated in the 1970's in New York City when block parties became more popular. In 1973 DJ Cool Herc (later known as the father of hip-hop) DJ'd his first block party. Over the next 6 years, hip-hop continued to grow with groups such as The Furious Five and the Cold Crush Four forming. Then in 1979, Sugarhill Gang's "Rapper's Delight" became the first hip-hop hit, reaching #36 on Billboard.
The 80's was a crazy time for hip-hop with many new groups forming, groups dividing, politically inspired songs, drug related activity, deaths and even murders.
In the 90's some very influential artists became famous such as 2pac, Dr Dre, Busta Rhymes and The Notorius BIG. From 1998 until present, we have seen the rise of hip hop superstars such as Eminem, Jay-Z, P. Diddy, Kendrick Lamar and most recently Macklemore.
Instruments
The main "tools of the trade" are not instruments, hip-hop artists more commonly use hardware samplers, synthesizers, computer software and when it was first invented, the DJ's turn table. Hip-hop artists have gone under a lot of scrutiny as they do not use "real" instruments, but that is how the genre started.
Song From the Hip Hop Genre
Musicians
"Ghetto Gospel" by 2pac
Over the last 40 years there has been a large amount of hip-hop artists, with only a select few really hitting super stardom. Artists such as 2pac, Jay-Z and Eminem are usually the names that spring to mind when thinking about hip-hop, but if you look deeper you will find a lot more.
2-Pac 1971-1996
2-Pac (real name: Tupac Shakur) was arguably the best hip-hop artist in the genre's history. He started off as a roadie and dancer for the hip-hop group "Digital Underground" and his career broke out from there. He was tragically shot in 1996 in gang related violence. Some of his greatest works are the albums "All Eyez On Me", "The Don Killuminati" and "Me Against The World".
Jay-Z 1969-present
Jay-Z (real name: Shawn Corey Knowles-Carter) is currently one of the best hip-hop artists in the world. He is also a producer, entrepreneur and has acted in movies. He is currently married to the famous RnB artist Beyonce. Some of his most famous works are the albums "Reasonable Doubt" and "Blueprint" and the
Eminem 1972
Eminem (real name: Marshall Bruce Mathers III) is a revolutionary hip-hop artist as he was the most successful white hip-hop artist and has been since his first appearance in the underground hip-hop scene in the 90's. His most successful works are the albums "Recovery", "Relapse" and "The Eminem Show".
(svconline, 2009)
Music is a global art and can be broken down into many genres and sub genres.
This presentation will focus on four of the most popular genres in the music world:
Classical Rock N' Roll Jazz Hip Hop
Music has developed over thousands of years. Beginning as vocal only, evolving through many instruments and now including computer technology. Each genre has been highlighted by influential musicians that are recognised worldwide, each leaving their stamp on the genre and influencing the musicians that follow. The music created through all genres can can cover a broad range of human emotions, often leading to an attachment to a favourite genre or style.
With an Insight into the following components of the Genre:
History Instruments Musicians Song
(wallsave, 2013)
History
Rock N’ Roll is a popular genre of music that originated in the late 1940’s (Pre-Rock) and started gaining recognition in the mid 1950’s. It is primarily a combination of African-American genres such as blues, jazz and gospel.
In the 1960’s rock music surpasses it previous success on the R&B charts and takes over the Pop Charts and welcomes a whole new variety of rock genres such as hard rock, heavy metal, folk music and more. From here Rock N’ Roll developed into the international style known as Rock Music.
(rockmusictime.com 2010)
Instruments
The early Rock N’ Roll styles often have a piano or saxophone as the lead instrument, however as the 1950’s bought great technological change in which the leading instrument changed into the electric guitar.
Common Instruments Include:
Saxophone
Piano
Guitar
Electric Guitar
Bass Guitar
Drum Kit
(ezineartices.com 2011)
Rock N' Roll Icons
Early Rock N' Roll Song
Little Richard: 1932 - Present
'Tutti Frutti' Little Richard
Born Richard Wayne Penniman in Macon, Georgia, Little Richard is considered to be one of the key musicians who helped define Early Rock N' Roll. Despite a rough childhood, Little Richard found his Voice in the Church were he participated in Gospel, eventually learning to play piano. Known for his wails and screams he turned his own songs such as 'Tutti Frutti' and 'Long Tall Sally' into large hits.
Elvis Presley: 1937 - 1977
Born in Mississippi, Elvis Presley grew up to become one of the biggest names in Rock N' Roll. Raised by working- class parents who moved from place to place frequently. His mother raised him to have a strong faith in God. Presley attended church with his parents where Gospel music became an influence. In his later years he faced a drug addiction which bought an early death at the age of 42. His first hit was 'That's all Right' released in 1954.
Bob Dylan: 1941 - Present
Born Robert Allen Zimmerman in Duluth, Minnesota. From a young age Bob Dylan used to form bands and used to play piano at school dances. While studying at Minnesota University he begun playing in cafes where he identified by his famed name. Bob Dylan still stands as a Folk-Rock Singer-Songwriter who's recent studio albums include, Together Through Life (2009) and Tempest (2012).
(biography.com 2013)
Little Richard wrote 'Tutti Frutti' in 1955 whilst working as a dishwasher in his hometown of Macon, Georgia. Before it was recorded it was known as 'Tutti Frutti, Good Booty' but was considered to scandalous for white audiences.
(history.com 2013)
ROCK
INDIE
PAGODE
A Typical Jazz Song from the 50's
History
Miles Davis - So What?
Musicians
SERTANEJO
Louis Armstrong: 1901 – 1971
Dating from the late 1800’s, Jazz music is a fusion of West African slave chants and early black American blues, employing rhythms from both West Africa and the Caribbean. Jazz has been morphing over it's entire history, as evidenced by this basic history from Frank Tirro's 'Jazz - A History', widely regarded as the best single Jazz history in publication
Ella Fitzgerald: 1917 – 1996
Researched from www.allaboutjazz.com which provides referenced, objective and accurate information about Jazz music and history.
A charismatic vocalist and trumpeter, ‘Satchmo’ was an American jazz musician from New Orleans, Louisiana. Raised in poverty, his signature gravelly voice and lively trumpet playing made him widely regarded as a massive influence, not just on jazz but on popular music in general. Well known for his version of ‘What A Wonderful World’.
An American vocalist known for her immaculate vocal tone and improvisational ability, Ella made more than 70 albums in her career, selling over 40 million copies. She made the American Jazz standards her own, recording more standards than any other vocalist.
An American Jazz trumpeter, responsible for the prominence of a number of new styles of jazz during his career including Hard Bop, Cool Jazz and Fusion, Miles is unequaled as a composer and bandleader. His album ‘Kind of Blue’ is the highest selling jazz album of all time and still sells over 5000 copies a week to this day.
Miles Davis: 1926 – 1991
(allaboutjazz.com 2013)
Timeline
1910-1920's 1930's 1940's 1950's 1960's 1970-1980's 1990's
Ragtime Swing Big Band Bebop Cool Jazz Fusion Acid Jazz
Instruments
Most common include Vocals, Piano, Upright Bass, Electric Bass, Electric Guitar, Drum Kit, Saxophone, Clarinet, Trumpet, Vibraphone. Many other traditional instruments are used including various percussion instruments.
(Questia.com 2013)
Sourced from the Miles Davis VEVO, a channel covering the music of Miles Davis with over 2500 subscribers.
(mi9, 2010)
(YouTube (1969) Miles Davis - So What?)
(perpetuajazz, 2013)
