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http://study.com/academy/lesson/binary-oppositions-in-literature-list-of-examples.html
Restricted Intelligence
Conformity
Nonconformity/ Society vs. the Individual
Conformity:
"Surely you remember the boy in your own school class who was exceptionally ‘bright,’ did most of the reciting and answering while the others sat like so many leaden idols, hating him. And wasn’t it this bright boy you selected for beatings and tortures after hours? Of course it was. We must all be alike. Not everyone born free and equal, as the Constitution says, but everyone made equal. Each man the image of every other; then all are happy, for there are no mountains to make them cower, to judge themselves against."
"So! A book is a loaded gun in the house next door. Burn it. Take the shot from the weapon."
"There was no longer need of firemen for the old purposes. They were given the new job, as custodians of our peace of mind, the focus of our understandable and rightful dread of being inferior. Coloured people don’t like Little Black Sambo. Burn it. White people don’t feel good about Uncle Tom’s Cabin. Burn it. "
Nonconformity/ Society vs. the Individual:
"Montag’s hand closed like a mouth, crushed the book with wild devotion.
The men above were hurling shovelfuls of magazines into the dusty air. Theyfell like slaughtered birds and the woman stood below, like a small girl, among the bodies.
Montag had done nothing. His hand had done it all, his hand, with a brain of its own, with a conscience and a curiosity in each trembling finger, had turned thief.. Now, it plunged the book back under his arm
He gazed, shaken, at that white hand. He held it way out, as if he were far-sighted. He held it close, as if he were blind."
---------------------
“She won’t come.”
“Force her, then!”
“You can come with me.”
“No,” she said. “Thank you, anyway.”
The woman replied quietly, “I want to stay here”
She opened the fingers of one hand slightly and in the palm of the hand was a single slender object.
An ordinary kitchen match.
Why do the characters in Dystopian Literature Rebel/ How do they win over others?
Assignment Recap:
GREAT JOB GUYS!
-Oppositions to:
The Repulsion of Fear: Banning Books
Animal Farm
Why do you think this book
would be banned/ opposed?
Why is it Banned?
Excerpts:
THE LAW/ AUTHORITY:
"Whatever goes upon two legs is an enemy. Whatever goes upon four legs, or has wings, is a friend. And remember also that in fighting against Man, we must not come to resemble him. Even when you have conquered him, do not adopt his vices. No animal must ever live in a house, or sleep in a bed, or wear clothes, or drink alcohol, or smoke tobacco, or touch money, or engage in trade. All the habits of Man are evil. And, above all, no animal must ever tyrannise over his own kind. Weak or strong, clever or simple, we are all brothers. No animal must ever kill any other animal. All animals are equal."
NONCONFORMITY/ VIOLENCE/ POLITICAL BIAS:
ALL ANIMALS ARE EQUAL
BUT SOME ANIMALS ARE MORE EQUAL THAN OTHERS
After that it did not seem strange when next day the pigs who were supervising the work of the farm all carried whips in their trotters. It did not seem strange to learn that the pigs had bought themselves a wireless set, were arranging to install a telephone, and had taken out subscriptions to John Bull, TitBits, and the Daily Mirror. It did not seem strange when Napoleon was seen strolling in the farmhouse garden with a pipe in his mouth—no, not even when the pigs took Mr. Jones's clothes out of the wardrobes and put them on, Napoleon himself appearing in a black coat, ratcatcher breeches, and leather leggings, while his favourite sow appeared in the watered silk dress which Mrs. Jones had been used to wear on Sundays.
Twelve voices were shouting in anger, and they were all alike. No question, now, what had happened to the faces of the pigs. The creatures outside looked from pig to man, and from man to pig, and from pig to man again; but already it was impossible to say which was which.
Assignment:
Either:
Write a letter to the Editor explaining why TKAM should be banned from the public library. Give evidence for what elements make it oppositional.
Write a letter expressing gratitude that TKAM is available at the library. Explain the elements which make it controversial, but informative.
"Somewhere in America"
"Don't Stay in School."
Binary Opposition...What is it?
Common Literary Opposites
How do these Binaries Affect Society?
What is Binary Opposition, Voldy?
Well Harry, That's when 2 terms with Opposite meaning CANNOT exist together at the same moment in time
For Example:
Hot and Cold
Ying and Yang
Good and Evil
Healthy and Sick
Black and White
Antithesis: rhetorical device in which two opposite ideas are put together in a sentence to achieve a contrasting effect. Polar Opposites (Exact Wording)
Beginning- 2:02
Juxtaposition: places a person, concept, place, idea or theme parallel to another. highlights the contrast between the two and compare them. Dissimilar
What problems might we face when we categorize?
Logocentrism:
Are Binaries Even Real?
Problems with Binary Thinking
"a philosophy holding that all forms of thought are based on an external point of reference which is held to exist and given a certain degree of authority."
Makes us place people into categories and alienate those that are different
Intelligence vs. Nonintelligence
Rebellion as a Means of Fear
Vicarious Living
Hen Hon Han
This is why we pick sides in Literature and in Life!
Because we fear the radically opposite
world view we rebel by challenging the form or rejection of opposing sides
TKAM
Use court scene w/ Atticus
act out scene
Dystopian Literature: Exemplification of Binary Theory
Elements of Dystopian Literature
Social Psychology/
Dystopian Rebellion
Divergent
1. Defy Authority
2. Taking Responsibility
3. Reduce Distance
4. Defy from the Beginning
5. Call by Names
6. Be your own ally
Nonconformity:
Factionless, Dauntless
Conformity:
Factions:
Erudite, Amity, Candor, Dauntless, Abnegation,
The Hunger Games
Restricted Thinking
Restricted Thinking:
IT WAS A PLEASURE TO BURN. IT was a special pleasure to see things eaten, to see things blackened and changed. With his symbolic helmet numbered 451 on his stolid head, and his eyes all orange flame with the thought of what came next, he flicked the igniter and the house jumped up in a gorging fire that burned the evening sky red and yellow and black.
Opposition in Word Connotation
Opposition in the way Literature is written
“All animals are equal, but some animals are more equal than others.”
― George Orwell, Animal Farm
Fahrenheit 451
Opposition in Literature by way of Social Movements
Rue's Death Scene: A Social Movement Beginning (And the lack of Responsibility Transfer)
Those who support the movement by showing the 3 fingers to Tris?
The one man who acts on the emotional death of Rue?
Defy Authority: Katniss goes through electric fences
Never transfers responsibility
Dehumanization- People are called by district number
DAY3:
Electric Shock Therapy
Deltas shocked when they reach for books and plants
forces them to stay near work in the City
Ford vs. God
assembly line development
must indulge all desires in order to keep industry
God prevents selfish indulgence
Social Norms:
"And opening an insulated door he showed them racks upon racks of numbered test tubes." -3
"...how the eggs were inspected for abnormalities." -3
-Bokanovsky -4
-"Embryos are like photographic film, they can only stand red light." 9
The Savage
Isolation vs. Acculturation
Ways we Alienate
Is Acculturation Feasible?
Would that strip people of Identity?
Caste Systems
Do These Systems ever really work?
Alpha, Beta, Gamma, Delta, Epsilon
What about some real world examples?
Activity
Society vs. The Individual
Guy Montague vs. Society
Create your own Dystopia using the common traits of this literature discussed in class
Explain how your restraints on the society could cause rebellion and opposition in society
Science/ Technology
as a means of Societal Control
Good or Bad?
What about Technology Today?
Happiness vs. Truth
Monogamy vs. Non Emotional Orgies vs. Sex Conditioning
Soma- dissolving into one whole
Death Conditioning
Parents vs. Manufacturing
Shakespeare and Social Instability vs. Social Stability
Binary Opposition in Harry Potter
Hamlet
To Be or Not To Be...
Binary Opposition
2 Men: 1 Good, 1 Evil
Horrible Images -> Good and Evil Bound
"I learned to recognise the thorough and primitive duality of man;"
"...these polar twins should continuously be struggling. How, then, were they dissociated?”
“The most racking pangs succeeded: a grinding in the bones, deadly nausea, and a horror of the spirit that cannot be exceeded at the hour of birth or death."
Using positive Images -> Pure Evil
Justaposition
1 Man, Both Good and Evil
The Physical Separation of Good and Evil
"I saw that, of the two natures that contended in the field of my consciousness, even if I could rightly be said to be either, it was only because I was radically both…"
"I felt younger, lighter, happier in body; within I was conscious of a heady recklessness, a current of disordered sensual images running like a millrace in my fancy, a solution of the bonds of obligation, an unknown but not an innocent freedom of the soul. I knew myself, at the first breath of this new life, to be more wicked, tenfold more wicked.”
Antithesis:
"...and he just could walk steadfastly and securely on his upward path, doing the good things in which he found his pleasure, and no longer exposed to disgrace and penitence by the hands of this extraneous evil."
To Live or to Die
“O, that this too too solid flesh would melt / Thaw and resolve itself into a dew!
Hamlet’s desire to kill himself in opposition to the canon, or law of God who prohibits such an action
What are these examples of?
0:49
To Kill A Mockingbird
Symbolism
Banned Books on Controversial Topics: Slavery
MN, 1977- Banned due to “whore lady” and “damn”
NY, 1980- Filthy and Trashy
IN, 1981- Instill psychological damage to the positive integration process
MO, 1985- Profanity and Racial Slurs
MS, 1996- Conflicted with the values of the community
IL, 2003- Degrading to African Americans
The Social Psychology Behind To Kill a Mockingbird
How humanization (and the opposition of perspectives) dismantles a group
THE TRIAL:
Scout
Jem
Atticus
Bob Ewell
Tate
Judge
Gilmer
Mayella Ewell
Tom Robinson
Lie:
Mayella asked Tom to bust up a chiffarobe for her for a nickel. Tom then jumped on her and started sexual activities. Mayella started screaming. Bob Ewell came then and ran Tom off his property. The Sheriff then came and saw her pretty badly beat up.
Truth:
Mayella asked Tom to bust up a chiffarobe. Mayella then began hugging and kissing Tom. Tom left running as Bob Ewell yelled in the window.
While reading try to think about...
*Why this book has been banned
* Any Binary Oppositions Present
Common cause for banning books:
Racial Issues: About encouraging racism
Encouragement of "Damaging" Lifestyles: Content of book encourages lifestyle choices that could be considered dangerous
Blasphemous Dialogue: uses words such as "God" or "Jesus" as profanity.
Sexual Situations or Dialog: include sexual situations
Violence or Negativity: violent books are often banned or censored. Some also deemed too negative or depressing
Presence of Witchcraft: include magic or witchcraft themes
Religious Affiliations (unpopular religions): due to unpopular religious views or opinions. most commonly related to satanic or witchcraft themes Or any books that might not coincide with the public view.
Political Bias: support extreme political parties/philosophies such as: fascism, communism, anarchism, etc.
Age Inappropriate: the age level at which they are aimed.
How could these controversies
be considered evil?
Mortality Salience
Banned children's Books
Common Banned Books:
What is it?
Post-Trauma/Preventative
Where the wild things are:
-A boy who throws tantrums is
is considered too dark and dangerous
Green eggs and ham:
-A portrayal of early marxism
The Bible: Ethiopia
Brave New World: Australia
Animal Farm: Loads of Places
1984: USSR
Harry Potter
http://www.shortlist.com/entertainment/books/a-history-of-banned-books
Actions or visuals that purposefully and discernibly convey a particular message or statement to those viewing it
Must have 2 meanings
- Surface level
- Underlying (open to interpretation)
"All human action is taken to ignore or avoid the anxiety generated by the inevitability of death. The idea of death, the fear of it, haunts the human animal like nothing else; it is a mainspring of human activity- activity designed to avoid the fatality of death, to overcome it by denying in some way that it is the final destiny for man."
-Ernest Becker
Why do things have meaning?
Persecution/Separation
Well, things have meaning because we give them meaning.
Binary Opposition as Seen Through Media
Movement Symbols
History of Symbolism
Star Wars
The Light and the Dark Side
More binaries... yay?
The Light Side
The Dark Side
Assignment
What defines each side and why do we have them?
Mindfulness in Star Wars
The Jedi focus on the light side of the force through mindfulness. They live in the present moment, accept it for what it is, and try to find balance. The dark side is about avoidance and not accepting things for how they are, thus thirsting for absolute power.
Individualist vs. Collectivist
The individualistic society will symbolize personal characteristics that are pivotal to the individual
The collectivist society will symbolize what surrounds the group, like landscapes or resources that allow everyone to survive
Culture
Religion
Opposition/ Racism/ Body Shaming:
Pick a movement or debate. Create a symbol from one viewpoint of the issue and explain, in 1-2 pages, why the symbol you've created is an effective one. Elaborate on the shapes and colors and the message they represent. Do not use a preexisting symbol. You must create your own.
What do we aim to preserve?
We use symbols in order to preserve the nature of a group or institution.
Preservation
Names: Tracy Turnblad vs. Link Larkin
Tracy Turnblad:
Racism:
Modern World Religions
Body Shaming/ Racism:
Racism
We are all going to die
Immortality
HAIRSPRAY!
Miss Teenage Hairspray massively overpowers the actual story here: that Baltimore is enforcing segregation laws and that there was a huge protest, and hey, maybe the black community has something to say here?
Contrasts...
http://www.kissmywonderwoman.com/2014/01/its-about-accepting-yourself-and-also.html
What we DONT Learn...
What we DO Learn...
National Anthem
2:39-3:39
All You Need is Love
Any national anthem shows unity to the respective country. It unites the people. They're the first example of how a song can unite a mass of people
All You Need is Love, which was recorded by The Beatles, and it was the first song to be globally broadcasted live to millions of people.
56:50
We Are the World
Written by Michael Jackson and Lionel Richie (but mainly Michael's genius)
2 Versions:
- for Africa
(Ethiopia)
-for Haiti