Introducing
Your new presentation assistant.
Refine, enhance, and tailor your content, source relevant images, and edit visuals quicker than ever before.
Trending searches
Velar = the back of the tongue raised to the soft palate ("velum"), the area right behind the palate
Palatal = the front or body of the tongue raised to the palatal region or the domed area at the roof of your mouth
Watch this Video
Glottal = The vocal folds are brought together as in the case of the stop [Ɂ] in "uh-oh" or the glottis is open with the vocal folds far apart to produce [h] as in " hot "
E.g. the end of hag, hack, hang
E.g. the beginning of "you" [ju]
A sound produced involving the velum (i.e. when the back of the tongue presses against the velum) is called a VELAR consonant.
E.g. [g] , [k]
Here is what consonant sounds look like (the place of articulation) as they are produced in the vocal tract.
Palato-alveolar / post-alveolar = Made with front or tongue blade and back of the alveolar ridge
Bilabial = two lips. Bilabial consonants are produced by creating a closure with both lips.
1. Place your index and middle finger on the front of your throat
2. Start producing the [s] sound "sssssss" then produce its voiced counterpart [z] "zzzzzz"
3. Alternate between the two. Do you notice a difference?
4. You will be able to feel vocal chord vibration when producing [z] but no vocal chord vibration when producing [s]
The velum (soft palate) can either be raised or lowered.
In the picture shown here, the velum is raised, which means air can’t pass through the nasal cavity.
Articulatory
process
Oro-nasal
process
E.g. the beginning of shy, she, show or in the middle of measure, treasure, azure
E.g. the beginning sound in buy, pie, my
Larynx
Nasal sounds: produced by pushing air through the nose. E.g. [ mmmm ] [nnnn]
**Nasal sounds are always voiced sounds
Oral sounds: produced by pushing air through the mouth. E.g. [ ffff ] [vvvv]
E.g. a closed (raised) velum results in the production of an oral sound
Open
Vocal Folds
Closed
Vocal Folds
The hard palate is among the passive articulators, meaning that it is used as a means for another articulator (the tongue) to form a closure. So, when we say “onion”, the closure is between the tongue and the hard palate. The resulting sound is called a PALATAL
Retroflex = Made with the tongue tip and hard palate.
Voiced sounds: produced by vibrating the vocal folds
E.g. [ vvvv ]
Voiceless sounds: produced when vocal folds are held apart
E.g. [ ffff ]
Labiodental = lower lip and upper teeth. Labiodental consonants are produced by raising the lower lip to the upper teeth.
Not common among English speakers
**Check out the vocal fold vibration animation by clicking the link below
http://www.linguistics.ucla.edu/faciliti/demos/vocalfolds/vocalfolds.htm
**Check out the link below to hear the difference in voicing
(In section 1.2-Alternating voiceless and voiced sounds)
http://www.phonetics.ucla.edu/course/chapter1.1/chapter1.1.htm#two
E.g. the beginning sound in fat, vat
The Alveolar Ridge is another passive articulator. Either the blade or tip of the tongue can press against it to produce a range of consonants. Say the sounds [s] and [ʃ ] (pronounced ‘sh’), paying close attention to the position of your tongue. Sounds made using the Alveolar Ridge are called ALVEOLAR consonants.
While the sounds [s] and [z] are made with the blade of the tongue near the alveolar ridge,
[ ʃ ] and [ʒ] are made with the blade of the tongue between the alveolar ridge and the hard palate.
[ ʃ ] is pronounced the way we usually say “sh”, as in shirt.
[ ʒ ] is the voiced counterpart. It is the sound in the word vision.
***Visit this link to become familiar with the symbols and sounds of the international phonetic alphabet
http://web.uvic.ca/ling/resources/ipa/charts/IPAlab/IPAlab.htm
Most of the sounds of language (and ALL the sounds of English) are PULMONIC EGRESSIVE, meaning that air is pushed out of the lungs (through the trachea past the vocal folds) in order for sounds to be produced.
Alveolar = tongue tip at the alveolar ridge, behind the top teeth. English alveolar consonants are formed by raising the tip of the tongue to the alveolar ridge, which lies right behind the teeth
*This chart is a phonetic alphabet of all of the sounds in human language. English has about 44 of these sounds
Interdental = tongue between the teeth, or just behind the upper teeth (also called "dental"). Made with the tongue tip or blade and upper front teeth
, l
E.g. the beginning sound in die, tie, sign, zoo, nigh, lie
E.g. the beginning sound in thing [θ] , this [ð]
The teeth can be used to make (inter)dental consonants
such as [θ] (as in "thing") and [ð] (as in "this").
and
labio-dental consonants such as [f] and [v]
Click this link
http://www2.leeward.hawaii.edu/hurley/Ling102web/mod3_speaking/mod3docs/Flash%20Files/sagittal.swf
The lips can be used in both the production of vowels and consonants.
For vowels, the lips can either be rounded [u] or unrounded [i].
The parts of the vocal tract used in making speech sounds are called “articulators”.
To form consonants
a sound can be
The tongue is an important active articulator both in consonants and vowels.
To produce a number of consonants, one must have the tongue in a particular position with respect to a passive articulator.
Answer:
Question:
The tongue tip pressed against the alveolar ridge will produce which sounds?
[t], [d], [n], [l]
Vowels
Produced without obstruction in the vocal tract
Consonants
Produced with an obstruction in the vocal tract
These sounds are produced with the tongue tip pressed against the alveolar ridge
**Revisit the interactive International Phonetic Alphabet.
The IPA is designed to represent the qualities of speech that are part of oral language
-Ranges from complete closure, thru narrowing, to modifying shape by approaching
http://web.uvic.ca/ling/resources/ipa/charts/IPAlab/IPAlab.htm
Sounds made using the tip or blade of the tongue are called CORONAL and sounds made using the back or root of the tongue are called DORSAL.