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James Chadwick was born in the United Kingdom on October 1st 1891.

James Chadwick

1974

The nuetron

James died in 1974 in Cambridge where he spent of his life working on the atomic theory.

Studying under Ernest Rutherford

Between 1919-and 1921 James studied under Rutherford in the nuclear science lab. In 1921 Chadwick became the assistant director for Rutherford.

This was the atomic model that Chadwick, Rutherford, and Heisenberg came up with after the discovery, and proof of the neutron.

1913-1919

1932

After high school, James received a scholarship to study in Germany, but this put him there during WW2. and made him a civilian prisoner for 4 years. After wards he decided to go and do research at Cambridge University in England.

In 1932 Chadwick conducted many experiments and research. He kept seeing that the atomic number was less then the atomic mass. And since electrons barely have nay mass at all there had to be something else in the atom with mass. And because the protons and electrons cancel each other out there had to be another particle. He found this particle and named it the neutron, because the charge was not positive nor negative but neutral.

The Experiment

Nobel Prize

It was discovered that Beryllium, when bombarded by alpha particles, emitted a very energetic stream of radiation. This stream was originally thought to be gamma radiation. However, further investigations into the properties of the radiation revealed contradictory results. Like gamma rays, these rays were extremely penetrating and since they were not deflected upon passing through a magnetic field, neutral. However, unlike gamma rays, these rays did not discharge charged electroscopes (the photoelectric effect). Irene Curie and her husband discovered that when a beam of this radiation hit a substance rich in protons, for example paraffin, protons were knocked loose which could be easily detected by a Geiger counter. Chadwick proposed that this was the neutron.

In 1935 James Chadwick won a noble prize for his discovery of the neutron and the tributes it made to the Atomic Theory.

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