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MacDonald Retaliates

  • MacDonald did not delay, he decided to fight Riel and his supporters.
  • The North West Mounted Police had already been formed and therefore a police force was ready to intervene.
  • The CPR was close to completion, therefore troops could be transported to Batoche quickly.

Gabriel Dumont

  • Gabriel Dumont was appointed as military commander by Louis Riel.

Troops leaving to battle

  • Dumont Used Guerrilla Tactics (fighting by means of ambush and surprise) to great advantage against Macdonalds troops.

Louis Riel

Reasons for North-West Rebellion (Continued)

The Start of the Rebellion

  • Many settlers and Metis that lived around Prince Albert were expecting the Canadian Pacific Railway (CPR) to be built though it, but the government decided to move the CPR south. This left the settlers and the Metis at a loss because the CPR gave them access to trading with other parts of Canada
  • Riel had taken weapons and ammunition from a store in Batoche (modern day Saskatchewan) and seized a parish church and created a second provincial government.
  • Many Metis became farmers, but because grain prices were low many Metis did not make much money.

Major Battles of the North-West Rebellion

Battle of Duck Lake

Louis Riel Returns

  • March 26, 1885
  • Cree and Metis fighters forced the police and the army to retreat to safety.
  • Guerrilla tactics were working.

Massacre at Frog Lake

  • The Metis asked Louis Riel to return to Canada, as he was residing in Montana U.S.A.

Battle at Fish Creek

  • April 2, 1885
  • A bunch of Cree warriors attacked Thomas Quinn ( an Indian agent who treated the Cree badly) at Frog Lake.
  • Thomas Quinn and 8 other white men were killed.
  • This incident influenced the reaction of the settlers and the NWMP towards the rebellion, and influenced the government to pay closer attention to the growing unrest
  • When he returned, he sent another petition to Ottawa. In this petition he stated the concerns of the people, a request for there own provincial government and that they wanted to be represented in the federal government.
  • April 24, 1885
  • 150 First Nations and Metis warriors ambushed government solders at Fish Creek, 20 km away from Batoche.
  • Both sides withdrew from the area after suffering many casualities

Reasons behind the North-West Rebellion

  • Sir John Macdonald responded with only offering land grants or cash for land. He ignored all other requests.

Battle of Fish Creek

  • The Metis in Manitoba wanted land rights after the Red River Rebellion but did not receive any from the government.
  • Many of the Metis did not trust the government and therefore left Manitoba for the north and south rivers in Saskatchewan.
  • Since the Metis had moved to Saskatchewan, many petitioned for new land rights but these petitions were ignored.
  • The Metis way of life was changing because there was a shortage a bison resulting in starvation.

Metis migrating to Saskatchewan

The Aftermath of the North West rebellion

Battles of the North West Rebellion Continued

Battle at Batoche

Battle of Cut Knife

  • There was much tension between the English and the French
  • The English favored Riel to be executed
  • The French wanted Riel to be spared for defending the Roman Catholic heritage and French language rights
  • Macdonald decided to carry out the death penalty after Riel was convicted of treason
  • Riel was tried and executed on November 16, 1885
  • Votes for the Conservative Party in Quebec plummeted
  • May 1, 1885
  • Cree and Assiniboine fighters
  • Encountered government troops
  • Chief Poundmaker (Cree chief) convinced the fighters not to pursue to the army and retreated

Louis Riel's trial

Battle of Batoche

  • May 9-12, 1885
  • Riel ordered Dumont to end his guerrilla tactics campaign and to send all of his forces back to their base at Batoche
  • 900 government troops took advantage to this error and attacked Batoche at full force
  • The 300 Metis, Cree and Dakota warriors defended Batoche at first but where overpowered
  • Riel surrendered and was arrested
  • Dumont fled to the U.S

North-West Rebellion

BY. Drue Gandhi

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