scientific.thinking.11.BE

SHORT PREZI

time: 1-2 min.

give examples of a scientific method based on an example that fascinated you:

1. observe the world

2. formulate a hypothesis

3. carry out an experiment

4. analyse the findings

5. Why is it useful today?

• acid base theory
• Archimedes's buoyancy principle
• cell theory
• climate change theory
• collision theory
• dual inheritance theory
• dynamo theory
• electromagnetism
• the theory of evolution by natural selection
• game theory
• general relativity theory
• special relativity theory
• germ theory
• The theory of gravity
• Heisenberg's uncertainty principle
• heliocentrism
• Hubble's law of cosmic expansion
• information theory
• Kepler's law of planetary motions
• molecular theory
• Newton's laws of motion
• oxygen theory of combustion
• plate tectonics
• quantum theory
• statistical mechanics
• Laws of Thermodynamics

PARADIGM SHIFT

IDEA: In science basic concepts and scientific practises change (Thomas Kuhn, 1962).

2. fundamental change, basic change of how we look at life

examples:

Greek mathematics

Newtonian Physics

Einstein's Theory of Relativity

GRAVITATIONAL WAVES

1. observation

gravitational waves: ripples in the curvature of spacetime.

indirect evidence: binary star systems: white dwarfs, neutron stars, black holes

2. hypothesis

Albert Einstein: Theory of General Relativity, 1916: gravitational waves transport energy as gravitational radiation

with Newton's Theory of Gravity, not possible: physical interactions propogate at infinite speed

3. experiment

September, 2015: two independent teams: Ligo (Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory, founded: 1992) + Virgo (Hanford, Livingston)

proved: a pair of black holes merged

4. analyisis: proved Einstein's theory.

energy released within seconds: 3 solar masses' power

3000 supernova explosions

4500x the energy the Sun radiates in 10 billion years (lifetime)

5. Why useful?

new science: gravitational astronomy

more discovery of the universe

SOURCES - VIDEOS

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitational_wave

http://news.discovery.com/space/dark-cosmic-signal-spacetime-chirp-of-black-hole-rebirth-160211.htm

http://index.hu/tudomany/2016/02/11/igazoltak_einstein_utolso_joslatat_is_felfedeztek_a_gravitacios_hullamokat/

Law of Universal Gravitation

Isaac Newton hypothesized that the

same force that caused an apple to fall from a tree also caused the moon it stay in it's orbit.

From this hypothesis, he derived the Law of Universal Gravitation.

Gravity waves

HISTORICAL EXAMPLES

Predicted in 1916 by Einstein

The last yet to be verified theory from Einstein

One billion Dollars for research-LIGO

Two blackholes merge

We can "hear" the Universe

source

https://prezi.com/n_1qcdlje4v3/isaac-newton/

SCIENTIFIC THEORIES

if you need help

The Microwave

• Percy Spencer
• In 1945, Spencer was fiddling with a microwave-emitting magnetron.
• A chocolate bar in his pocket had started to melt.

1.Idea: The microwave radiation of the magnetron was to blame

2.Research: Spencer immediately created a smaller copy of the magnetrons and tried the hypothesis.

3.Collecting datas: He was sure of the magnetrons heating ability.

4.Result: The end result was the microwave oven — savior of single dudes worldwide.

SOURCES

http://web.missouri.edu/~hanuscind/8710/NSTA_Science101theorylaw.pdf

http://science.howstuffworks.com/innovation/scientific-experiments/10-scientific-laws-theories.htm

https://www.sciencenews.org/blog/context/top-10-revolutionary-scientific-theories

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_theory