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The Field of Geography
3
The Field of Geography
Lesson 2: Contribution of Muslim Scholars in the Field of Geography
Muslim Scholars (a person who is very educated) collected, studied, corrected and added to the Greek and Roman sciences and philosophies
Many Muslim scholars and geographers added to the growth of geography and Earth sciences.
Many books on geography were translated, and made by Muslim geographers and travelers into many European languages.
The Invention of the Astrolabe
During the 9th century Muslims made a device called the Astrolabe to help them see the positions of the Sun, Moon, planets and stars.
The Astrolabe was made during the time of the Abbasid Caliphate. Through this you can find out the time of day for prayer and the location of the Qibla.
Muslim scholars helped to give information which allowed the discovery and exploration of the New World in the 15th and 16th centuries
Baghdad's Contribution to Geography
Muslim scientists made observational (machines to study earth and space) instruments. For example, 3D armillary (a model of objects in the sky) spheres to position accurately the sun, stars and moon in relation to the Earth and other planets.
- the 1st observatories opened around 850 C.E. in Baghdad and Damascus
House of Wisdom
Around 762 C.E. Baghdad
attracted scholars.
Islamic scholars coming together to translate and interpret works of Greeks and Romans. This group was called the Bait al-Hikma.
A center of study and translation. Translating Greek scientific material into Arabic
Muslims interest in Geography
Traveling for Knowledge
People needed to go far away places to lean about them
Ibn Battuta - Arab Traveler in the 1300s
- Became a master of astronomy and stargazer (someone who studies stars). Which was wirtten in his Rihla.
Muslim explorers, sailors, scholars, traders, and travelers played an improtant role in study of geography.
Locating the Qibla
- By the end of the 11th century, Muslim traders went to the eastern coat of Africa to 20 degrees south of the Equator
- each Muslim should know enough about geography to know the direction of the Qibla in order to pray five times a day.
The Noble Quran tells Muslims to travel through Earth and think about the signs of Allah. Some Muslims felt this was a way to God's Wisdom and Power.