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Differences

Overview

  • The beginning of the Japanese Health care system happened in 1927 when the first Employee Health Insurance plan was created

United States

Japan

Questions?

  • Japan's health care system is ranked 10th among the world

GDP: 4-5%

GDP: 16.4%

Focus on access and quality

Focus on cost

  • The first Health Insurance Act was passed in 1922

High rates of violence and obesity

High elderly population

  • Throughout the 20th century Japan has established systems for health care, public health, and welfare for its citizens

Problems

Length of stay in hospitals

Constricted to 80 main hospitals and 2 nation centers

Large elderly population increases the amount of hospitalization

$5,711 on healthcare expenditures/capita

$2,249 on healthcare expenditures/capita

Structure

$6,402 out-of-pocket spending per person

$2,358 out-of-pocket spending per person

  • Japan has a universal health care system
  • 70% of health care costs are covered by the government

Average length of stay 15.8-29.1 days

Regulations on length of stay depending on illness

  • The 30% paid by the patients are fees set by the government
  • There is a national health insurance plan for those who don't get insurance through employers
  • Costs for the elderly are paid from a fund of pooled contributions from all the insurance plans
  • People are allowed to select any physician and cannot be denied treatment

Japanese Health Care System

Political

Philosophy

  • 1980s: elderly welfare services
  • The Welfare Reform
  • Influenced by Buddhism
  • Medical insurance, health care for the elderly, and public health expenses constituted about 60% of social welfare and social security costs in 1975, while government pensions accounted for 20%.
  • Combination of indigenous and religious traditions

By: Julianne Prentice

Kristen Powell

Selina Zaccaria

Raeann Stilwell

  • Pensions:
  • Elementary Part: Provides minimal benefits
  • Influenced by the West in moral actions which is reflected in their universal health care system
  • Secondary Part: Providing benefits based on income until retirement
  • Third Part: Company Pensions
  • The Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare retains considerable control in the form of the fee schedule under the universal health insurance system.
  • To increase the autonomy of the local authorities, the central government has promoted the merger of municipal governments
  • Japan has an immigration policy that does not accept immigrants for unskilled manual labor.

Culture

  • Practice Buddhism
  • Healthier diet and lifestyle
  • Diet includes large amounts of rice, vegetables, and fish

Economics

  • Japan is one of the most industrailized countries in the world
  • Lowest obesity rate in the developed world -- 3% -- versus 32% for Americans
  • Japan's GDP is 4-5%
  • Uses highly modern Westernized medicine along with traditional Asian medicine (kampo)
  • Even though Japan has double the percent of elderly, the amount of healthcare expenditure is half that of U.S.
  • A downfall is that the average length of stay is 29.1 (longest amount of time and 15.8 (shortest amount of time), which costs more money
  • Part of Kampo medicine, Japanese herbal medicine, and acupuncture are covered by public health insurance
  • Japan spends $2,249 on healthcare expenditures/capita while the US spends $5,711
  • Japan has one of the healthiest populations keeping health care costs low

Social

  • The Japanese are taught to be group oriented and put their idividual personalities aside
  • 90% of Japanese consider themselves middle class
  • The population is largely identical with no deep ethnic, religious, or class divisions
  • Japan has the lowest infant mortality rate of 2.6 per 1000 live births
  • Life Expectancy:
  • Men- 79 years
  • Women- 86 years

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