In a referendum in September 2014, 55.3% of its participants voted for an alliance with London. But the separatists have made yet another concession on the part of the British authorities, knocking out the British prime minister's promises of additional powers from London. Parliament in 2015 will adopt new laws to expand the powers of Scotland in the field of taxes, budgetary expenditures and social security.
- To achieve the goals politically and economically, the Irish entered in 1973 simultaneously with the UK in the EU. The course on high quality of life has become a national idea, promoting closer ties between Ulster (Northern Ireland) and the Republic of Ireland.
After the collapse of the British Empire, the national self-consciousness of the British (English, Scots, Welsh and Irish) increased. Currently, the UK makes up 83.6% of the population, followed by Scots (8.5%), Welsh (4.9%) and Irish (2.9%).
The Irish Republican Army (IRA), founded in 1919, throughout the twentieth century, used radical methods of struggle for reunification with the Irish Republic. The IRA stood in the vanguard of the confessional confrontation between local Protestants (Englishmen) and Catholics (Irishmen). As a result of the conflicts, between 1.5 and 3 thousand people were killed, including half of the victims - the result of clashes between British troops and the IRA.
Scottish Separatism.
- In 1998, the Belfast Agreement was signed between the British and Irish governments, which restored the Assembly of Northern Ireland, for which 71% of the region's inhabitants voted in a referendum.
- In October 2006, the leaders of all Northern Ireland parties, prime ministers of Great Britain and Ireland held talks in Scotland, as a result of which Northern Ireland was returned to the control of local authorities instead of direct management from London. Radical Northern Irish separatism was able to reconcile.
Scotland, with a population of 5.1 million people, occupies a special place in the United Kingdom. The Scots retained the memory that the territory of modern England was a Roman province, and separated from the territory of modern Scotland by a "wall" - by Andrianov and Antoniev. The political union of Scotland and England on the basis of the union of 1707 contributed to the rapid economic development of Scotland, where the customs borders with England were liquidated.
The separatist movement in Northern Ireland.
- In 1949, Ireland, with the exception of most of the province of Ulster (Northern Ireland), was proclaimed an independent republic. Since most residents of Northern Ireland (English and Scots) voted in a referendum against independence, the region was kept under the English crown.
- Most of the inhabitants of Northern Ireland are Protestants who belong to the Anglican or Presbyterian Church, they are the bearers of English and Scottish culture and traditions. Local English are a consequence of the colonial past, when the whole of Ireland was an English colony.
- On the shelf of the North Sea within Scotland are virtually all potential reserves of oil in the UK. It is no coincidence that after the discovery of oil deposits on the shelf, historical separatism in Scotland intensified. Especially when the nationalist party won the local elections. Local nationalists today demand the denunciation of the union of 1707. In particular, they believe that if they do not share profits from oil production on the North Sea shelf with London, Scotland will be richer. However, the economy of Scotland is on the rise.
- The Scottish separatists are in favor of creating a nuclear-weapon-free zone, joining the European Union and the euro area. Most of Britain's nuclear weapons and four nuclear submarines with Trident nuclear missiles are quartered in Scotland in the Firth of Clyde Bay. The branch of Scotland could weaken the main strategic ally of the United States, so Washington was also categorically against the referendum.
The separatist movement in Northern Ireland and Scotland-the factors of destabilization in the UK
Azina Razida IR-31