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Bacteria and Archaea
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Bacteria and Archaea
What are archaea?
- Archaea are a domain of single-celled microorganisms. They have no cell nucleus or any other organelles inside their cells.
- In the past Archaea were classified as an unusual group of bacteria and named archaebacteria.
- Archaea is classified as a separate domain in the three-domain system.
What are bacteria?
Differences between bacteria and archaea:
ex: crenarchaeota, euryarchaeota, Halobacteriaceae
- Bacteria are single-celled microorganisms.
- Prokaryotes is a domain that consists organisms without a membrane bound nucleus and covers both bacteria and archaeia.
- Bacteria are usually a few micrometers and cannot be seen by the naked eye.
- Their shapes vary from circular to rod-shaped and even spirals.
ex: Coccus, Bacillus, Spirillum, Rickettsia, and Mycoplasma.
Becteria has cell wall made of peptidoglycan, whereas archaea don't.
Both have different lipid composition, archaeal lipids don't have any fatty acids, which are found in the other 2 domains (bacteria and eukarya).
Archaea has a complex RNA polymerases, bacteria has a more simple RNA polymerases.
Archaea and bacteria are metabolically different from each other.
Archaea doesn't use the process glycolysis to break down glucose.
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