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Europe and Japan in Ruins

Ch. 16-5

Postwar Government and Politics

Misery Continues after the War

After the war most European nations questioned their democratic styles of government.

Communist parties promised a peaceful alternative to democracy.

Communist membership across Europe soared.

Big Change in Japan

Postwar Japan

The Nuremberg Trials

Emperor had to publicly declare he was NOT divine. Country led now by Prime Minister.

Creation of "Diet" or parliament. Everyone could vote over age 20 (men and women).

Could not have a military-USA would protect them.

After the war they held special trials to try to bring justice from war criminals.

22 Nazi officers held on trial for "Crimes against Humanities" (atrocities)

Camp leaders that killed at least 11 million. Many commit suicide.

Years after the end of the War Europe is still ravaged.

War destroys agriculture, housing, and transportation.

Famine and disease become rampant.

The war completely destroyed 3 major cities in Japan and took all colonies.

U.S. General Douglas MacArthur was put in charge of rebuilding Japan.

Demilitarization: dissolving Japan's military

Democratization: building a democracy in Japan.

Devastation in Europe

2/3s of those killed in WWII were civilians.

50 million people are uprooted from: homes destroyed, Prisoners of war released, Nazi Concentration camps.

Soviet Union loses over 20 million people to the War.

The War is Over

After 6 years of War the Allies win.

Over 60 million dead.

Total costs over $800 BILLION!

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