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Tydings-McDuffie Act

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Context

Provisions and Impacts

Overview

  • Filipinos were previously inhabitants of a possession of the US
  • free to move within US territories
  • held jobs in Hawaii and western US
  • incited a nativist response
  • the act followed other laws aimed at blocking Asian immigrants
  • US protectionists
  • save jobs for US natives (Depression era)
  • Philippine nationalists
  • wanted independence
  • willing to accept restrictions on immigration
  • quota of 50 immigrants per year
  • excluding those imported to Hawaii for agricultural labor

From the Philippine Law Library:

An act to provide for the complete independence of the Philippine Islands, to provide for the adoption of a constitution and a form of government for the Philippine Islands, and for other purposes.

Pub.L. 73–127, 48 Stat. 456

24 March 1934

  • Filipinos elected delegates for constitutional convention on July 10, 1934
  • Roosevelt approved Constitution on March 23, 1935
  • Commonwealth
  • US recognition of Philippine Islands as a self-governing nation 10 years later
  • reclassified all Filipinos (even living in US) as aliens
  • quota of 50 immigrants per year

http://www.thecorpusjuris.com/laws/constitutions/item/tydings-mcduffie-act.html

Background Info

Works Cited

  • similar law (Hares-Hawes-Cutting Act) was rejected by the Philippine legislature in 1933
  • US would keep too much political and military power
  • restrictions on Filipino immigration and imported labor
  • new Philippine legislature signed Tydings-McDuffie Act on May 1, 1934
  • failed attempts to attain better terms for Filipinos
  • very similar to the 1933 failed law

Arnold, Kathleen R. Anti-Immigration In The United States : A Historical Encyclopedia. Santa Barbara, Calif: Greenwood Press, 2011. eBook Academic Collection (EBSCOhost). Web. 29 Sept. 2014.

"Tydings-McDuffie Act." Encyclopaedia Britannica. Encyclopaedia Britannica Online Academic Edition. Encyclopædia Britannica Inc., 2014. Web. 29 Sep. 2014.

Stella Swartz

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