Chapter 10: northern europe

B. Sweden home to Finnish-

speaking indigenous inhabitants

& Sami

C. Since the 1970's people

from N. Europe

VIII. Managing Resources

Chapter 10: northern europe

J. 80% of Finland's population live in urban areas

K. Finland's immigrants are arriving from Somalia, Russia, Sweden, And Estonia

(w/ Iceland), & Sweden (w/ Finland) were

L. programs support health care, education,

united under 1 regent in the Kalmar Union

& retirement income for seniors

V. Population patterns

E. 1523, Sweden became a separate kingdom

II. Water systems

L. Iceland's current population is 350,000

M. one of the world's most homogenous

populations; little immigration

N. Northern Europe has lower

population densities than other

European countries due to

climate

A. Population patterns in Northern Europe have been shaped by the influences of migration & the distinct ethnic groups of each country.

A. Iceland has many waterfalls,

small lakes, & many small

rivers

F. Denmark's domination over

Norway lasted until 1814

when the king was forced to

cede Norway to the king of

Sweden

B. Norway's rivers

1. chief rivers come from the mountains

of Norrland

2. Klar-Gota is the longest river

3. Glama River runs almost the entire

length of Norway

C. Muonio & Torne Rivers flow along the

border of Finland

1. Finland- peat,

III. Climate, biomes, & Resources

A. arctic tundra regions

hydroelectric power, geothermal

lie in the extreme northern

have come to Scandinavia for work

energy, iron ore, nickel, zinc, cobalt, copper, & chromium, trees

of Scandinavia & Iceland; limited vegetation

2. Sweden- iron ore, gold, copper, lead, & zinc, & sawnwood

D. 80% of the residents of Sweden live around the capital of Stockholm

3. Norway- aluminum, magnesium, oil producer,

natural gas

4. Denmark- oil, natural gas, wind energy

B. marine west coast along the Atlantic; supports milder coniferous forests

G. Industrial Rev.

G. Finland lies in the

eastern part of Scandinavia

E. Somalis and other African refugees have migrated to the area trying to escape conflicts

H. Iceland is located in the North

Atlantic Ocean

began in the 1800's

IV. History and Government

I. Norway & northern Sweden are

mountainous

H. After WWII, Nordic countries developed democracies

F. Norway's immigration policy has allowed guest workers & students to enter

C. humid continental climate-

1. everywhere else in Scan. &

Finland

2. cold, wet winters

3. warmer than other regions

D. Natural resources

J. Svalbard

1. an archipelago in Norway

2. 50% covered by glaciers & snowfields

K. Finland is mostly flat w/ a few hills &

mountains

L. Iceland

1. has over 200 active volcanoes

2. glaciers cover 11% of the

island

A. 800 AD, about 30 small kingdoms existed

in Norway

B. sea easiest way to communicate

C. Vikings built warships & sent them

on raiding expeditions

D. 1300s, Denmark, Norway

I. Norway, Sweden, Denmark, Finland, & Iceland are now governed by democratically elected parliaments

I. LandForms

G. most residents of Norway reside in Oslo

H. Denmark has a slowing population

growth

I. Denmark allows guest workers

to obtain a work permit for

a limited time

A. Northern Europe formed

through glaciation

J. Norway, Sweden, & Denmark are

constitutional monarchies

B. the melting of thick ice has caused

continental rebound

C. Northern Europe- Norway, Sweden,

Finland, Denmark, & Iceland

K. all Nordic countries have

large, tax-funded public welfare

sectors & extensive social-

democratic legislation

VII. Economic activities

A. NE countries have open economies

D. Norway & Sweden are on the

Scandinavian Peninsula

limited agriculture, & mountainous terrain

B. NE rapidly evolved from agrarian economies to modern, industrialized economies

vi. Society and culture today

E. The Jutland Peninsula forms the

mainland part of Denmark

C. Iceland's energy sources- hydroelectric power

A. Protestanism is the dominant religion in every country in Northern Europe

D. Finland's chief energy source is peat.

D. Denmark chief energy source- wind energy

F. Denmark considered part

of the cultual region of

Scandinavia

B. all countries value religious freedom; Finland is the only country w/an official religion

E. NE industries- commercial fishing, forestry,

manufacturing, agriculture, & service industries.

F. Denmark was the first NE country to join the European

Union.

G. Nordic Model

C. NE (Northern Europe) has some of the world's

most educated populations

D. School is mandatory for 10 years & literacy rates

are nearly 100%

E. welfare states- high taxes but free healthcare,

child care, & assisted senior living

F. high birthrates which are attributed to

family-friendly policies

G. front-runners of women's equity

in the work force & politics

1. refers to the economic & social models of NE

2. mixed economy characterized by welfare policies in which

governments play important roles in protecting the social &

economic health of their citizens

3. emphasizes labor force participation & promotes gender

equality & fiscal expansion

4. offers low barriers to trade & supports union

membership

designed by Péter Puklus for Prezi

F. Invasive species could have a negative impact on the Baltic.

IX. Human Impact

A. Climate is changing more rapidly in Northern Europe than in most

other places in the world.

B. Warmer temperatures are causing ice to melt.

C. Birds have stopped leaving, as climate is suitable year round.

D. Acid rain is contributing to wetland destruction.

E. Occasional oil spills wreak havoc on marine life.

C. Leaders in renewable energy, such as wind, hydroelectric power, &

geothermal power

D. Sustainable Model for Arctic Regional Tourism aimed at teaching

ecotourism

E. LIFE+ Environmental Policy & Goverance (EU) offer programs that

encourage innovation in environmental protection & conservation.

x. Addressing the issues

A. Recycling programs reduce reliance on fossil fuels.

B. Higher environmental standards for air & water are making a

positive impact.

A. North Sea is home to 230 species of

fish (cod, haddock, mackeral, & herring

B. Baltic Sea

1. semi-salty; limited access to the open

sea.

2. stratification (situation in which the

water layers do not mix) causes

eutrophication

3. susceptible to pollution from runoff

from both coastal & river areas

C. Deforestation a problem (may release

carbon into the air as carbon dioxide)

D. NE's freshwater tidal marshes provide

freshwater & habitats for many birds &

other animals

E. environmental issues- acid rain, oil spills,

deforestation