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1.. Writing and Alphabets--communication.

  • First humans communicated only through speaking and picture drawings.
  • On3000 B.C., the Sumerians in Mesopotamia (what is today southern Iraq) devised cuniform.
  • Around 2000 B.C., Phoenicians created symbols .
  • The Romans gave the letters Latin names to create the alphabet we use today.

2. Paper and Pens--input technologies

  • Sumerians' input technology was a stylus that could scratch marks in wet clay
  • .About 2600 B.C., the Egyptians write on the papyrus plant
  • around 100 A.D., the Chinese made paper from rags, on which modern-day papermaking is based

What is PRE-MECHANICAL period?

papyrus plant

Books and Libraries: Permanent Storage Devices.

The pre-mechanical age is the age in which there were no kinds of computer systems. This was a very long time ago, estimated to be around 3000BC. This date is very much an estimate as it is difficult to gather evidence about what systems were in use so long ago - it could have been nearer to 500BC.

  • Religious leaders in Mesopotamia kept the earliest "books"
  • Around 600 B.C., the Greeks began to fold sheets of papyrus vertically into leaves and bind them together.

ancient paper

The First Numbering Systems.

abacus

THE PRE MECHANICAL PERIOD

  • Egyptian system:

The numbers 1-9 as vertical lines, the number 10 as a U or circle, the number 100 as a coiled rope, and the number 1,000 as a lotus blossom.

  • The first numbering systems similar to those in use today were invented between 100 and 200 A.D. by Hindus in India who created a nine-digit numbering system.

papyrus plant

When humans first started communicating they would try to use language or simple picture drawings known as Petroglyths which were usually carved in rocks. As alphabets became more popluar and more people were writing information down, pens and paper began to be developed.

ancient paper

petroglyphs

Numbering system

Egyptian style

Hindu arabic and modern numbers

ancient alphabet

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