- Finger dislocations are common in sports (netball, basketball)
- Subluxation can sometimes occur - this is when the bone may pop out of place then return back into place
- This just stretches the ligaments, but can make the joint more vulnerable
Learn about
Fractures
- Crack or Break in a bone
- Common in children as they are developing
- Can be a result of a direct or indirect force
- Two types: Simple (closed), Compound (open)
- Open involves bone protruding through the skin, which increases the risk of infection and bleeding
Management?
In your groups come up with a variety of
ways to manage fractures based on your
current first aid knowledge
Hard tissue Injuries
Dislocations
Management
- It is very easy to detect a dislocation as there is a lot of deformity
- Why should dislocations not technically be a hard tissue injury?
- DRSABCD
- Control bleeding
- treat shock
- splint and bandage to immobilise
- immediate medical assistance
Remember:
- don't let a player with a suspected fracture continue
Signs and symptoms?
- intense pain
- possible sound of a crack
- swelling, deformity, bruising, discolouration
- loss of function.
Dislocations
- It is because it is a damage to the ligaments surrounding the bone, which have been stretched or ruptured
- Results in a lot of damage to the connective tissue
- it is a result of the joint being pushed passed its normal ROM
- The bone is removed from its joint socket and is not fixed before it is put back into place
- It should only ever be put back into place by a medical professional.
Signs and symptoms?
- Deformity
- Swelling
- Pain/tenderness
- loss of function
- Never put back into place if you are not trained, this can increase damage
- seek medical help
- secure with splint to immobilise
- ice, elevation and support is important
Management of Hard tissue (learn to)
Assessment of injuries
Medical treatement and immobilisation
- use information discussed previously for fractures/dislocations
- It is important to minimise movement
- Immobilisation occurs above and below the injury site
- Immobilisation is supported by a splint or sling. An example of a splint is another limb, or a firm straight object
- Tooth: don't handle by the root, hold in place till medical help has arrived, splint it to an adjacent to another tooth, using aluminium foil. If not put into milk, or clean with the casualty's saliva. See a dentist ASAP
TOTAPS
TALK
OBSERVE
TOUCH
ACTIVE MOVEMENT
PASSIVE MOVEMENT
SKILLS TEST
Create a scenario for your accompanying PLG that they can apply TOTAPS to.
TOTAPS
Talk: This involves asking a variety of questions to assess what happened - how did you fall, where did the impact site happen etc.
Observe: Look for the signs - this could include swelling, deformity, redness, bruising, movement affected. You can do this through comparison to the other side of the body
Touch: Palpitate (feel) gently, find areas of tenderness or that are painful.
Active movement: Athlete performs a variety of movements to assess how severe the injury is. This could be different actions around the site, for example if the knee, flexion and extension. If the athlete is unable to perform the movement, a diagnosis is made and managed. If they can, they move on to....
Passive Movement: The assessor analyses the area and physically moves the joint (through actions like rotation, extension, flexion) to see if there is any limitations in the movement or instability.
TOTAPS ctd.
Skills test: In this section of the assessment, a player is asked to perform a movement that is sport specific - for example in Rugby League they may be asked to perform an agility test. This is to assess whether they are able to resume playing or whether they need to be sidelined pending further enquiry.
Fractures
Learn to:
Manage hard tissue injuries
-assessment for medical attention
-immobilisation