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Parliament

Monarchy

Major Events

Impact on Democracy and Revolution

Charles I

Significant People

  • Unlike some rulers, Queen Elizabeth I understood the importance of parliament
  • She knew how to create a balance of power between the monarchy and the parliament.
  • Queen Elizabeth I rules, and maintains a balance of power
  • James I writes a book called The True Law of Free Monarchies, which holds a belief that monarchs rule by divine right
  • Clashes between James I and Parliament occur over 3 main issues regarding religion, money, and foreign policy
  • Charles I inherits the throne, and signs the Petition of Right
  • In 1638, there was a revolt in Scotland against the king
  • The Long Parliament leads a revolution against monarchy
  • Triennial Act was passed, stating that the king must call a parliament every 3 years
  • The conflict against Charles rose, resulting in a civil war
  • The execution of Charles ordered, ending the civil war, and turning England into a republic
  • Cromwell rules England as a dictator, before his death in 1658
  • After the death of Cromwell, monarchy was restored, and Charles II was crowned King
  • After the death of Elizabeth I, James VI of Scotland was crowned King James I
  • James I believed that the monarch should have absolute power, which led to conflict with parliament

Interesting Facts

Queen Elizabeth I

  • The conflict between Charles I and Parliament resulted in the English Civil War
  • The Civil War left England divided, and different parties had different views about which government England should have
  • The Leveller's idea of voting rights for all men is the basis for democracy
  • Due to the English Civil War, English Parliament had gained much more power, and the population had a far greater say in how they were governed
  • James I's son, Charles I, shared his father's views of an absolute monarchy
  • Charles I only consulted parliament when he needed money
  • Charles I appointed many unpopular officials, and did not listen to the needs of his people
  • Oliver Cromwell was a Puritan officer who became the leader of Parliament's army against the King

Timeline

James I

  • John Lilburne was the leader of the Levellers, a group that believed that all English men should have the right to vote
  • During the English Civil War, people who supported the King were known as Cavaliers, due to the Aristocrats that rode horses
  • People who supported Parliament were called Roundheads due to their short haircuts, showing that they rejected the Aristocratic long hair style
  • The King's Army was primarily made of nobles and people living in rural areas
  • Parliament's Army was primarily made of the Middle Class, including many Puritans, a group that wanted to see Catholic Rituals gone from Anglican Church
  • 1500's- parliament won important rights
  • 1534- monarch's headed the Church of England
  • 1603- Queen Elizabeth died without direct heir
  • 1625-James' son Charles I inherited throne
  • 1630s- Charles made enemies because of arbitrary rule
  • 1640- Charles needed money for army, so summoned a Parliament
  • 1645- Cromwell reorganized Parliament's army as the New Model Army
  • 1649- Court ordered execution of Charles I
  • 1653- Parliament was divided
  • 1658- Cromwell took title of 'Lord Protector' and ruled England
  • 1658- death of Cromwell

Cromwell

Monarchy Vs. Parliament

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