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Selkirk Treaty 1817
Fur Trade
The Indian Act and Residential Schools
Early European Settlers
The HBC had a standard requirement that only goods such as blankets or tools be traded for furs. The Company did not trade alcohol for furs. The NWC, however, did exchange alcohol for furs with the Aboriginal people. Eventually, the HBC dropped their trade standards in order to compete with the NWC. Many native bands became dependent on fur trade and abandoned their traditional hunting practices. With fluctuating fashions and need for supply, many aboriginal people suffered from food shortage and hunger.
The Indian Act essentially made Aboriginal people wards of the state. The government controlled all aspects of their life. It caused great tragedy both personally and culturally. Residential schools were where Aboriginal children were sent by the government. Children were taken from their families and sent to government schools. They were malnourished, abused and forced to rid themselves of their culture.
The arrival of the early European settlers in the late 1600's brought new ideas, technologies, disease, alcohol and a multitude of problems for the Aboriginal people.
The Selkirk Treaty 1817
The Selkirk Treaty was signed on July 18, 1817 by Lord Selkirk and five First Nation's leaders of Saulteaux and Cree descent. The five leaders were Peguis, Le Sonnant, Le Robe Noir, L'homme Noir and Premier.
Area Covered By The Treaty
The area covered by the treaty was a two mile wide strip of land on either side of Red River and for a distance up the Assiniboine River.
Saviors or Scam Artists?
Selkirk Treaty 1817
Purpose
The purpose behind the treaty was to create stability in the Red River Colony by removing all indigenous claims to the land.
Lost and Gained
Saviors or Scam Artists?
I believe that those who negotiated the treaties were scam artists. They were looking out for themselves and their own personal interests. They did not have the Aboriginal peoples best interests in mind. Ultimately, the Aboriginal people lost their land, rights, culture, health and lives because of treaties.
The First Nations leaders gave up their rights to all of the land in exchange for a piece of land for each leader. They were "paid" with one hundred pounds of tobacco to be given to each nation annually.