Decolonization - Rwanda

Bibliography

Lowe, Norman. Mastering Modern World History. (pp. 536, 559-561) 4th ed. Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1997. Print.Oppong, Joseph R. Rwanda. New York : Chelsea House, c2008. (pp.34-39)Examines the landscape, history, government, economy, people, and culture of Rwanda, and considers some of the issues facing the country in the future. Includes a chronology."Rwanda Chronology." PBS. WGBH Educational Foundation, 2012. Web. 16 Sept. 2012. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/rwanda/etc/cron.html “Rwanda Commemoration Project: Genocide In Our Time." Center for Human Rights & Human Law. American University College of Law, 2012. Web. 15 Sept. 2012. <http://www.wcl.american.edu/humright/center/rwanda/>.The Rwanda genocide. San Diego : Greenhaven Press; c2004. (pp. 7-18)Presents twelve essays that argue opposing points on the 1994 genocide in Rwanda, covering its causes, the world's reaction, and the country's rebuilding, and includes an introductory overview, a chronology, and a further reading list.

Belgian Rule

• Belgians established Tutsis (minority) as the ruling group, and the Hutu (majority) to be the servants

• Belgians classified people because they wanted to make it easier for them to rule, they classified the tutsis as tutsis because they looked the most like a white person

• Opposing sides form:

• Activists redistribute land and cattle, and abolish the servitude policies (promotes equality)
• Belgians mandate Ethnic Identity Cards (promotes racial tension)

• Tension grew and tribal warfare between the Hutu and the Tutsi began in 1959

http://cperiod2010rwanda.wikispaces.com/file/view/nose-size1.png/111801017/314x215/nose-size1.png

Independence

• Belgians give Independence which leads to Burundi and Rwanda severing economic ties and becoming enemies

• Hutu gain power and begin to seek revenge against years of oppression

Decolonization of Rwanda

• President Kayibanda: Emancipation of Hutu People Party
• Juvenal Habyarimana overthrows him
• Tutsi flee from Rwanda

http://fs.huntingdon.edu/jlewis/Syl/IRcomp/Maps/AfricaRwandaBurundi.gif

Jackson Doughty and Garon Lizana

Genocide

• Hutus began a genocide campaign

Beginning of Genocide

• FPR begins to fight back, but UN forces leave the country

• Some fighting between FPR and Rwandan Army, but generally peaceful until 1993

• No other country did anything to stop the madness despite the endless massacres that were occurring

• Plane carrying both Hutu president of Rwanda and Burndian president was shot down by Interhamwe

• No president results in chaos

After the Genocide

• Tutsis finally regained power although it took several years to exercise it across the country

• Jails became so full that they had to release 40,000 prisoners cause there was no room

• In early 2000's several peace treaties and new constitutions were signed

Economy

• Rwanda economy was largely farming and agriculture, the genocide ruined this
• extreme difficulties
• slowly but surely improving