Basic Speech Skills: The Communication Process

The Communication Process

Psychological Noise

Interference created by personal thoughts.

-daydreaming

-stress/anxiety

Receiver

The person who is responsible for decoding the information. The Receiver involuntarily uses his or her personal beliefs to "filter" the message. This interpretation process can lead to conflict with the sender.

Feedback

Feedback is usually instant and it may be communicated non-verbally or verbally. Feedback informs how the sender responds and goes through the exact same process as any other form of communication.

Decoding

The Receiver must translate all of the "codes" the Source has sent. This is more than simple language-processing, (though that isn't simple either) but includes navigating all of the biases, culture, tone, and non-verbal information the message brings.

The difference between Noise and Barriers

While both are choices, to a degree, Barriers prevent communication almost completely, while Noise only disrupts communication, causing the message to be received incompletely.

Intrapersonal

Communication with oneself.

-talking to yourself

-writing a diary/journal

-internal monologue

-reviewing the day's events

5 Types of Internal Communication Barriers

The receiver is incapable of listening, and the message is not understood.

Attitude: "I don't like this topic" "This is boring"

Social: "I Don't know this person"

"This person isn't my friend"

Educational: "I'm too smart for this" "I already know this"

Cultural: "This person is too different from me"

Environmental: "It's too hot/cold to pay attention"

3 Types of Noise

The receiver wants to listen and understand the message, but noise creates interference which fragments the information.

Source= Sender

The person verbally communicating information

Encoding

Putting the message into symbols. All information is encoded in symbols. It is impossible to communicate otherwise. A "symbol" is everything from words spoken in a specific language to a facial expression.

What is Speech?

• Spoken language
• communication of ideas, feelings, facts, and opinions

Physical Noise

Interference caused by outside source. usually something that is distracting, but not completely disruptive.

-temperature

-sound

-light

Semantic Noise

Interference created by the misunderstanding of words.

-confusing/incomplete message

-missing context

-language barrier

Group Communication

A group of individuals communicating equally to all other members of the group. It's unorganized communication, and usually at a social event.

Mass/Public Communication

When messages are sent to a large group incapable of responding due to its size. Used to disseminate information without the desire for discussion. (However, feedback still occurs.)

-public addresses/speeches

-news on TV

-public service announcements

-emergency broadcast system

What is being sent?

Message= information